Designing and designers

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Presentation transcript:

Designing and designers Looking at the different approaches to designing. Brian Russell Nicola Deacon

How Design Evolves Technology Push and Market Pull Technology Push is a process by which the advances in science and technology are used to create new products that consumers might want. For example, mobile phones have developed from a simple communication device for making calls to personal computing devices or ‘personal digital assistants’ (PDAs). Market Pull describes how the inspiration for new products often comes from the needs of society. Market research and analysis of existing products can help manufacturers improve their products. A good example is the development of gloves that allow you to still use a touch screen phone. Environmental, Social and Political factors might also influence the need to develop new products. For example Fair Trade chocolate and electric powered cars.

The Influence of Fashion The influence of fashion and trends on product design cannot be over-estimated. Many manufacturers employ agencies to predict trends in colour, pattern and style. Many products will have seasonal changes, with customers changing their wardrobe on a annual basis and their home interior every 3-5 years. Fashion can be influence by changes in society and the economy. For example: During the 80’s the UK economy was booming and there was a rapid increase in demand for ‘designer’ products to furnish the city apartments of upwardly mobile consumers. Modern high-quality leather and chrome furniture was popular and fitted well with the money-driven business-like ethic of young, ambitious professionals. Today people generally have more eclectic tastes and demand products that will enable them to achieve a more individual look. This poses a challenge to manufacturers, who have to respond quickly to market pressures.

Design Methodology Empirical designing Intuitive designing Systematic designing

Empirical designing Trial and error designing Modelling most likely route Dyson use modelling and testing as their preferred method of designing

Intuitive designing Sum of past knowledge Often very specialised areas

Systematic designing Separate discreet stages Sub-systems often dealt with by others Teamwork most common

Where do we get new ideas? Nature Geometry/mathematics The man made world Other designers Other products Rarely from looking at a piece of blank paper!

Nature Patterns and texture Structure and form Colour

Observational work of plants Designers such as William Morris have used detailed drawings of plants to create new designs

Looking at anatomy George Carwardine designed the first Anglepoise lamp in the 1930s based upon how the human arm works

Geometry & mathematics Geometry and mathematics is all around us

Islamic design Mathematics is a strong influence Based on grid patterns

Celtic design Still a popular influence today Based on geometric grids

Fibonacci series A series of numbers to create well proportioned rectangles 1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,89 Any adjacent numbers

Geometric form Particularly used in architecture and some domestic products

Grids Often the starting point for textile designs

Geodesic domes Very strong structures based on geometric shapes

Existing products Which came first? Ideas are often developed from existing products

Retro design Modern products based on styling from the past

Philippe Starck Often unusual Always fun Not always practical

James Dyson Best known for the innovative cleaners Strong use of colour and form

Jonathan Ive Senior VP at Apple Innovative styling and micro electronics

Robin Day World’s best selling chair Developed polypropylene moulding techniques

Mary Quant Led the sixties look Short skirts Geometric designs

Philip Treacy Unusual forms

Richard Sapper High Tech Post Modernism

Giorgio Armani Softer suits Lightweight fabrics Well tailored

Charles Rennie Mackintosh Mix of geometry and stylised natural form

Vernon Panton Exciting plastic furniture

Henry Beck London Underground map Format copied around the world

Arne Jacobsen Futuristic at the time Laminated plywood

Design movements Arts & Crafts movement Art Nouveau Art Deco Bauhaus Modernism Memphis Post Modernism

Art Nouveau Nature a strong influence

Art Deco Geometry a strong influence High glamour

Bauhaus First real attempt to train product designers Form follows function

De Stijl Absolute abstraction Simple slabs Primary colours, black & white

Memphis Surface pattern Strong colours Rebellion

Design task Research and undertake a study of a 20th/21st century designer and their designs which have an impact today’s society. Materials Influences Technologies Presentations in one week’s time