MA.CECILIA T. MEDINA, PHD UP ASIAN CENTER BUILDING SUSTAINABLE FUTURES: LESSONS FROM INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES IN THE MARGINS MA.CECILIA T. MEDINA, PHD UP ASIAN CENTER

The Province of Bukidnon, Northern Mindanao

The STUDY WHAT HAVE BEEN THE COLLECTIVE FORMS OF ADAPTATION TO ENCROACHMENT TO THEIR TERRITORY AND DISPLACEMENT FROM THEIR ANCESTRAL DOMAIN? WHAT SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS HAVE INFLUENCED THEIR COLLECTIVE ADAPTATION? WHAT LEARNINGS CAN BE DERIVED TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND INCLUSIVE GOVERNANCE OF IPS ?

INTERDISCIPLINARY Ecological PERSPECTIVE ELEMENTS OF A SYSTEMS APPROACH CULTURAL AND POLITICAL ECOLOGY COLLECTIVE ADAPTATION POLITICAL ECOLOGY: ANCESTRAL DOMAINS-CONTESTED TERRITORIES UNEQUAL POWER RELATIONS IN CONTROL OVER RESOURCES

ALCO, NASIPIT, NALCO , RIMCO thru Bureau of Forest Development Higaonon community Logging Companies: ALCO, NASIPIT, NALCO , RIMCO thru Bureau of Forest Development Higaonons: Worked as Forest Guards Movement into the INTERIOR: SITIO MINTAPOD- former hunting ground

ENTRY OF MIGRANTS- lowlanders from Bohol and Cebu who acquired lands Changes in farming practices and adoption of rice paddy cultivation 1984 Iglesia ni Cristo Invasion -did not acknowledge Barrio captain, harassed and tried to stab him -showed open contempt for datus -increased theft of standing crops

Higaonons response: Petition letter to Pres.Marcos and other officials Holding of DUMALONGDONG Had support of Catholic Church, Fr.Cullen PANAMIN : Harrasment and taking of livestock and rice harvests by force. Periodic Displacement due to unstable peace and order situation (AFP vs. NPA)

INFORMAL LAND MARKET- Higaonons lost land by exchanging it for canned goods. DISPLACEMENT & FEARS DUE TO INSURGENCY: -NGO’s activities were discontinued for 3 months in 1996

CA 054 awarded totalling an area of 14,300 hectares. WORKING FOR A CADC AND CADT AS COLLECTIVE ADAPTATION CA 054 awarded totalling an area of 14,300 hectares. SINGAMPO held throughout major activities in the community’s claim process.

The Map, Cameras, Recorders…

Consulting the Spirits

The Survey Team

Rituals During the Land Survey

Rituals with an Adjoining Tribe

Continuing threats to ancestral domain Mono-crop plantations such as oil palm 200 hectares of palm oil in 2010. Land leased for 25 years at 8000 per hectare.

MINTAPOD DECLARATION VARIOUS HIGANON COMMUNITIES PARTICIPATED IN 2009 GATHERING IN MINTAPOD AIMED AT PROTECTING Mt. Kimangkil, their sacred forests. Presence of Bantay Kalasan or guardians of the forest who make regular rounds around the forest

Amay matangkilan Leadership of AMAY MATANGKILAN- in customary zonification and self regulation of sanctuaries with traditional resource management and conservation practices such as Patagonan Awarded in 2012 for his traditional ecological knowledge to ensure conservation of the forest

Some recommendations Need to continually harmonize laws, ordinances, regulations related to indigenous and local knowledge, systems and practices, (ILKSP) and biodiversity Promote traditional forest management as part of their indigenous knowledge systems and practices”

MULTI-STAKEHOLDER APPROACH ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES AND SUPPORT REPEAL OF LAWS THAT ARE NOT PRO-POOR PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNANCE