Smart Cities Cities build on smart solutions Intelligence is enabled by data churned into  INFORMATION “we are data-rich but information poor” ICT technologies & massive data processing capabilities Provide ICT-based services to the citizens Drive competitiveness, sustainability and improve Quality of Life Used as a driving force for economic growth Connected with energy efficiency climate …

Solutions on every aspect of the city life Smart City Smart Building Green Houses Cool Chain Monitoring Agriculture Remote Monitoring Fitness Machines Tram Water Management Subway Train Public Health Metro Logistics Smart Buildings Remote Monitoring Retail Bus Automatic Vehicle Location Signage Waste Management Transportation Energy Management Air Conditions Sports Medical Application Elderly Living Reverse Vending Ticketing Retail Smart City Medical Industrial Rail Cool Chain Monitoring Environmental Value Transport Energy Monitoring Irrigation Vending Green Houses Public Transport Metering Smart Grid First Responders Traffic Management Medical Elderly Living Public Safety

Is to combine vertical solutions “smart”? Is a smart environment the “sum” of adding little smart components? Medical & Healthcare Security & Surveillance Logistics & Networking Industrial & Commercial Transportation & Mobility

Use Case: Retail Shop Performance Measurement Application: Provide a solution that would allow measuring the performance of individual shops of a chain (franchising). The basic concept was to correlate the data with regards to people entering respectively leaving the shop with the transactions (customer interactions) including financial transactions, contracts sold or support cases worked on. Use Case: Value Transport Application: Improve the service level provided to a large banking group, making cash transport and counting more efficient and increasing security standards. Barcode reading, GPS positioning and the collection of other information with regards to the transaction. There is also the possibility provided that the bank contact person can digitally sign directly on a tablet to confirm the transaction.

07.00 07.15 07.25 07.30 16.30 18.00 18.15 18.30 Alice decides to go when the traffic is back to normal. Alice starts the travel to work. Today she travels by car. Back in the car a road work generates an alternative route that saves 10 minutes in travel time. Alice gets information about a heavy queue on the route to work. Alice receives information about a train incident causing a delays and is adviced to shift the travel in time. Back home Alice receives a summary of travel duration and CO2 emission compared to the normal day. Alice asks for multimodal rerouting alternatives and chooses a commuter parking to switch to train. The choice of travel mode is privately stored and potentially anonymously shared for participatory sensing Alice navigates to a free parking spot.

Consider how many different systems need to interact for this solution… Is this a “vertical” solution, or an “open” solution? What is the difference between the notion of “Solution Application” & “Service”

What are the “requirements” to call a city Smart? Need at least 5 of the 8 here: Frost & Sullivan: “Strategic Opportunity Analysis of the Global Smart City Market”

Security & Surveillance M2M Integration Platform Transportation Service Gateway Service Gateway M2M Integration Platform Smart Shelf Service Gateway Air Condition / Heating People Traffic Analysis RFID Vending Machines Environmental Monitoring Logistics

Requirements: Have the technology foundation to enable the interconnectivity between different activities of life Have sufficient understanding about the different city aspects (health, transport, governance, etc.) Have the necessary infrastructure for providing and supporting “smart” applications Be reliable, environmentally friendly and sustainable, secure and safe Engage all relevant stakeholders (local/regional government, service providers, citizens)

Internet of things as a core enabler Smart Transportation & Public Transport Smart Ticketing Signage Geo-Services Communication Gateways … Public Safety & Security Surveillance & Security Emergency Services Public Infrastructure Smart Well-being Healthcare Elderly living Smart Energy / Smart Grid Smart Building Smart Water Management Smart Retail

IoT: A massive distributed system Consumers of Data APIs, Dashboards, Console, etc. M2M Infrastructure Solution M2M Integration Platform Standard Interfaces Producers of Data

A few thoughts on the Internet of Things “Billions/trillions of smart objects will communicate…” Mismatch in perception? In 2010 according to ITU these were 5 billion mobile subscriptions, with 1 million being mobile broadband “Smart phones” have multiple wireless interfaces, and include other sensor devices like GPS, accelerometers, gyroscopes… We can easily postulate a double billion figure for all these devices that were/are connected via the mobile network Operators manage and operate this -- So where is the problem?

Today, all business models assume a certain average revenue per user (ARPU) The sum of all revenues will reach a boundary that is related to a certain percentage of the GDP of societies Whatever this limit is, the only way to increase the number of devices and objects will be to significantly lower the costs per unit capital expenses (CAPEX) for developing, manufacturing and deploying the devices and the supporting infrastructure operational expenses (OPEX) for operating them

What about the citizen? Transparency and participation Environmental sustainability Social sustainability Financial sustainability Advanced services for citizens Pervasive technologies Climate/energy sustainability

Environmental sustainability Weather monitoring Environmental conditions Pollution maps Energy-efficient housing Power grids Efficient transportation Unified communications

Social sustainability Citizen coaching. Scheduling and using facilities. Elder/disabled monitoring and care. Information Lifecycle Management. Security and safety.

Quality of Life Automated procedures (i.e. Home automation) Better transportation systems (avoid congestions) Smart parking Better access to healthcare, early disease detection/prevention Better environmental monitoring – know where there is pollution, what areas to avoid, etc. safety/security, crime reduction Waste management Noise urban maps Structural health

Putting the citizen on the scene Participation can largely improve how cities are managed From a social perspective, citizen involvement aims at promoting social cohesion and reinforcing relations within the city. Citizen involvement aims to be critical, participation is indeed a way to allow citizens to make choices that count. Citizens are the center of attention of smart cities Without the citizens’ involvement (direct or indirect) there is no need to invest in smart city technologies – they are the end users !

How? Use citizens mobile devices to collect data Data can be either automatically captured by the device’s sensors (i.e. location, RSSI, noise levels, vitals, etc.) manually captured by the user (images, audio, etc.) Users can manually submit information about city problems Data can be objective (gathered from devices) or subjective (citizens’ opinion)

How? Crowdsourcing Using sensors deployed by citizens Sensor platforms are low-cost Can exponentially increase city-wide deployment of sensor devices with minimum cost Applications: Environmental monitoring (weather conditions) Smart grid Air pollution EMF

Provide (non-sensitive) data to be publicly available Citizens Companies Public administrations Open Data

A happy thought Playful cities Engaging the citizens through Gaming Gamification enables objects communicating with the citizens and attract citizens’ attention (and steers action) towards desired behaviours! Encourage citizens to provide feedback about city problems through Q&As within games Make the cities a more “fun place to live” Examples? Hello Lamp Post! (interacting with objects through SMS) Sing a little song (tweeting digital songbirds) Jolly Brolly mystery (solving “crimes” with an umbrella)