Social Studies Essential UNIT Question: How did the ancient world contribute to the development of civilization?

Social Studies Standards Case study of an early people of the Middle East (Sumer, Egypt, or Mesopotamia): 3.1 a, 3.1 c, 3.1 d

DO-NOW: Place HW # 34 in portfolio;

Focus Question # 25: How did the New Kingdom of Egypt contribute to the development of world civilization?

Egypt Becomes an Empire: The New Kingdom came to power in 1,570 B.C.E. At this time, Egypt conquered many nearby lands, such as Kush, claiming those resources for their own: Gold, ivory, leopard skins, copper, and precious stones. As a result, Egypt became exceedingly wealthy and dominant; They were led by a powerful pharaoh named Amenhotep I (ahm un HOH tep); At its peak, Egypt controlled a vast area that reached the Euphrates River. It was an empire!

Amenhotep & Hatshepsut: Pharaoh Amenhotep opened trade with Africa, Asia and Europe, expanding the reputation of Egypt as a powerful and important culture throughout the world; He traded ideas, technology and other resources that enriched the Egyptian economy and improved the quality of life for his people; He is known for the famous temples of Karnak and ones he built in Nubia that increased his fame and legacy.

Amenhotep I

Temple Chapel of Amenhotep I

First Lady Pharaoh! The new Kingdom was also known for the first female pharaoh, Hatshepsut (hat SHEP soot); She built a famous temple, Deir el-Bahri, which is recognized as one of the most beautiful buildings of ancient Egypt.

Greatest Achievements: The New Kingdom achieved the status of an empire; There civilization spread throughout the known world; As a result, Egyptian science, medicine, astronomy and mathematics were the standards; Egyptian priests developed a calendar based on 12 months and 30 days each; Splendid palaces and tombs were built; The New Kingdom fragmented around 1,000 B.C.E. because of internal fighting between priests and weak pharaohs.

Pharaoh Hatshepsut

New Kingdom Influence

The Great Shake Up! A new pharaoh, who called himself Akhenaton (ahk uh-NAH-tuhn), rose to power in 1,379 B.C.E. The new pharaoh angered the priests by worshipping a new god named Aton, or Aten, the only true god. He refused to worship other gods. He was the first monotheistic pharaoh.

Decline of the Empire: Akhenaton was widely disliked; the empire lost its influence and much territory during his reign; King Tutankhamen became pharaoh shortly after Akhenaton’s death; he was a minor pharaoh for he only lived to see his 19th birthday; Ramses II succeeded his reign and ruled for 67 years! In his time Egypt developed temple schools for the teaching of astronomy, mathematics and the medical arts.

Activity:

Today’s Middle East http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/me.htm

Today I Learned . . .