Volume 8, Issue 2, Pages 332-334 (February 2015) Dissecting and Enhancing the Contributions of High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunits to Dough Functionality and Bread Quality  Yiwen Li, Xueli An, Ran Yang, Xiaomin Guo, Guidong Yue, Renchun Fan, Bin Li, Zhensheng Li, Kunpu Zhang, Zhenying Dong, Luyan Zhang, Jiankang Wang, Xu Jia, Hong-Qing Ling, Aimin Zhang, Xiangqi Zhang, Daowen Wang  Molecular Plant  Volume 8, Issue 2, Pages 332-334 (February 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2014.10.002 Copyright © 2015 The Author Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Development of Mutants for Five HMW-GSs (Ax1, Bx14, By15, Dx2, and Dy12) and their Application in Studying the Genetic Contributions of Ax1 and Bx14 to Dough Functionality and Bread Quality. (A) SDS–PAGE analysis of HMW-GS composition in Xiaoyan 54 (WT) and five knockout (md12-1, md2-1, mb15-1, mb14-1, and ma1-1, identified for Dy12, Dx2, By15, Bx14, and Ax1, respectively) and two missense (ma1-3 and md12-5, discovered for Ax1 and Dy12, respectively) mutants. The subunits marked by a circle exhibited reduced electrophoretic mobilities compared with their WT counterparts. (B) Intact loaves of Xiaoyan 54 and four HMW-GS mutant lines (ma1-1, ma1-1mb14-1, mb14-1, and ma1-3) illustrating loaf size differences among the five genotypes. Scale bar, 2 cm. The loaves of other mutant lines analyzed in this study, i.e., ma1-2 and mb14-2, were highly similar to those of ma1-1 and mb14-1, respectively, in both morphology and size. (C) A model on the genetic contributions of Ax1 and Bx14 to dough functionality and bread quality, which is an important end use of wheat flour. The HMW-GS proteins Ax1 and Bx14 contribute to bread quality by regulating dough functionality (strength and extensibility). The red and blue arrows designate the additive contributions from Ax1 and Bx14, with thicker arrows representing relatively stronger contributions. The green arrows indicate the epistatic contribution of Ax1 and Bx14 to dough extensibility. The consequence of this epistatic interaction on bread quality awaits further investigation. Molecular Plant 2015 8, 332-334DOI: (10.1016/j.molp.2014.10.002) Copyright © 2015 The Author Terms and Conditions