I. Human Nutrition.

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Presentation transcript:

I. Human Nutrition

A. Nutrients 1. Two categories: a. Macronutrients- yiled energy or information b. Micronutrients- supply needs for reactions 2. Energy measured in kilocalories a. Raise 1 kg of water 1 C b. In society referred to as Calories

B. Carbohydrates 1. Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio 2. Commonly called sugars 3. Monosaccharides- one sugar long like glucose a. Di- two sugars linked; sucrose b. Poly- more than 2; starch

3. About 4 Kcal per gram 4. Quick energy source

C. Protein 1. Large compound of many amino acids used to construct body parts 2. Amino acids are small compounds of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen a. Nitrogen identifies them b. 20 of them 1. 12 we make 2. 8 are essential amino acids we get from food

D. Fats 1. Called lipids- carbon chain with 3 long fatty acids attached 2. Saturated- all single bonds; more solid 3. Unsaturated- at least one double bond 4. Contains massive amounts of energy a. 9 Kcal per gram