MACROMOLECULES Foldable Notes.

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MACROMOLECULES Foldable Notes

Carbohydrates Monomer is glucose (C6H12O6) Made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen (Carb-O-Hyd-rate) in a ring Examples: sugars, starches Broken down by cells to provide energy Provide plant cells with structure

Lipids No monomer Made up of chains of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Examples: fats, oils, cholesterol Provide energy and structure Phospholipids (lipids with a phosphate head) create the cell membrane

Proteins Monomer is amino acids Made up of chains of amino acids held together by peptide bonds There are 20 different amino acids; they are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur Humans can only make 12 of the amino acids – that is why we need proteins like meats, eggs, beans, and nuts in our diets Functions include antibodies, movements, enzymes, hormones, storage of amino acids, and transport of materials through the blood

Nucleic Acids Monomer is nucleotides Made up of nucleotides (sugar, phosphates, and nitrogen) Two types – DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) Store genetic information, help build proteins