POS Interactions and interdependencies, Illustrate how life-supporting environments meet the nee of living things for nutrients, energy sources, moisture, suitable habitat, and exchange of gases Analyze an ecosystem to identify biotic and abiotic components, and describe interactions among these components Describe examples of interaction and interdependency within an ecosystem (identify examples of dependency between species, and describe adaptations involved)

Unit A: Interactions in Ecosystems Needs of all living things Adaptations Interactions in Ecosystems

An ecosystem is Eco-place on earth where interactions between non-living and living can occur Ex. Lake, desert, rotting log Ecologist-person who studies Ecology-study of

An organism interacts with the Abiotic and Biotic components of its’ ecosystem Abiotic- non living Ex. Air, water, rocks, climate, temperature Biotic- living Bacteria, plants, fungi, animals *even dead What are “antibiotics” then?

To count as a living thing: Take in nutrients Exchange gases Move Reproduce Respond to stimuli (feel) grow

Requirements of all living things… Energy (food) Water Habitat (shelter) Gas exchange (cellular respiration and photosynthesis)

Energy Food Sources Plants: Sunlight + nutrients from soil http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wj8TGhcCnxs&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active Bacteria, Fungi: they will decompose organic matter (living things) Animals: Carbohydrates lipids Protein Vitamins + minerals Can you name some examples of each?

Water Is needed for: chemical reactions transporter of nutrients and oxygen, waste (blood) air-conditioner through perspiration

Habitat All living organisms need a place to live, and often, require protection from the elements/predators Water source, food source Do humans have any impact on the habitats of other species? Give an example.

Gas Exchange Photosynthesis (song, youtube) Cellular respiration Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight -> oxygen + sugar http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1_uez5WX1o&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active Cellular respiration Sugar + oxygen -> energy + carbon dioxide + water Animals, plants at night

Adaptations for gas exchange Lungs ex. Humans, dogs, horses, whales Stomata Ex. plants Skin Ex. worms Gills ex. Fish

Adaptations Genetically inheritable physical characteristics that help an organism survive in a given environment Transportation feet, hooves, fins, wings Defense claws, teeth, shell, blubber, camouflage, quills Eating bird beaks, teeth

Interactions in Ecosystems Symbiosis is the close interaction of two species Symbiosis Mutualism Parasitism Commensalism

Mutualism Relationship where both species benefit +, + Bees/birds pollinate flowers, flowers offer food source for bees Can you spot the adaptations?

Parasitism One organism benefits while the other is harmed Parasite +, host - Mosquitoes take our blood, we get itchy Can you spot the adaptations?

Commensalism One species benefits while the other is indifferent Orchids use trees for support, trees neither suffer nor benefit

Parasitism-fleas + dogs/cats

Commensalism-barnacles

Mutualism-shark + remora

Mutualism-shrimp + goby fish

Mutualism-clown fish + anemone

Brainpop Ecosystems Carnivorous plants Cellular respiration symbiosis Humans and the environment photosynthesis