Nested Association Mapping (NAM) population design. Nested Association Mapping (NAM) population design. The greater NAM population is comprised of 10 separate Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) populations, with each population being derived from a cross between a diversity donor parent and an IR64 indica parent common to all 10 populations. Each RIL population consists of roughly 200 replicates of the initial cross. Therefore, there were 1879 total lines in the greater NAM population (∼200 lines × 10 RIL populations). After the F1, each line was self-pollinated for nine generations (IR64 × Azucena) or six generations (all other crosses) by single-seed descent (SSD). Selfing by SSD facilitates the shuffling of parental haplotypes through recombination and the fixation of haplotypes through homozygosity. Each selfing generation reduces heterozygosity by half, so a F7 NAM line would yield a heterozygous proportion of 0.56 = 0.016. This figure is adapted from Yu et al. (2008). Christopher A. Fragoso et al. G3 2017;7:1913-1926 ©2017 by Genetics Society of America