Think… FAST! Like Lightning!! Enzymes: Think… FAST! Like Lightning!!

Question/“Food for thought”: Why do we need enzymes? Enzymes are key to our metabolism: They are needed for every chemical reaction that takes place in the human body. Every Synthesis (anabolic) Reaction uses enzymes Every Decomposition (catabolic) Reaction uses enzymes

Chemical Reactions Synthesis: gets bigger (polymer) Decomposition: gets smaller (monomer) Reactants---_Reaction--------Products Enzymes shorten the arrows! Speed up reaction Make products faster! Speedy delivery!

Homeostasis   Enzymes are catalysts: they speed up reaction time so we can go home faster! Home: where we want to go Stasis: because it’s stable! Homeostasis: stability of organism

How do they work? Describe what you think is happening in this picture in relation to ENERGY

How do they work?

Enzyme Structure

4 Main enzymes of the digestive system Amylases in the mouth Proteases in the stomach Lipases in the small intestine Polymerases in the small intestine

Amylase These enzymes are found in saliva and work in the mouth to start digesting carbohydrates

Protease Are enzymes found in the stomach that help in the digestion of proteins

Lipase: Digest fat in the small intestine

Polymerase Digest nucleic acids in the small intestine

Enzymes are Recycled

Digestive System

Denaturing Sometimes high temperatures or extreme pH values can affect the shape of an enzyme. This process can make an enzyme less effective, possibly even useless.

Enzyme activity: (go to www demo first)

“Lock and Key” Theory

Enzyme Specificity:

Enzyme plus Substrate= Enzyme /Substrate complex

Recycle Reduce Reuse

Denaturing:

“Check out process” 1. An enzyme is a: A. carbohydrate B. lipid C. protein D. nucleic acid

1. An enzyme is a: A. carbohydrate B. lipid C. protein D. nucleic acid

2. An enzyme can work on any substrate. A. True B. False

2. An enzyme can work on any substrate. A. True B. False Enzymes work on specific substrates only

3. An enzyme can be used more than once. A. True B. False

3. An enzyme can be used more than once. A. True B. False The enzyme itself does not change when involved in a chemical reaction so that it can be used over and over again.

4. The process that results in an altered enzyme shape is: A. Synthesis B. Denaturing C. Decompostion D. Anabolic

4. The process that results in an altered enzyme shape is: A. Synthesis B. Denaturing C. Decompostion D. Anabolic

Links http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZD5xsOKres http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/enzymes/enzymes.html http://www.learnerstv.com/animation/animation.php?ani=324&cat=biology