What is fusion and how is it a factor for the life on earth? Open up your laptops, go to MrHyatt.rocks, and do today’s bell work Questions of the week: What is the sun responsible for in our solar system? What is fusion and how is it a factor for the life on earth? Scale Scale Description 4 Through independent work beyond what was taught in class, I can (examples include, but are not limited to): research current and past earth and sun conditions. investigate causes and possible solutions for global climate change. compare and contrast the patterns in the organization and distribution of matter in the sun, earth, moon system. compare and contrast different solar events and their impact on earth. 3 I can: identify patterns in the organization and distribution of matter in the universe and the forces that determine them. explain the physical properties of the Sun and its dynamic nature and connect them to conditions and events on Earth. identify, analyze, and relate the internal (Earth system) and external (astronomical) conditions that contribute to global climate change. describe heat as the energy transferred by convection, conduction, and radiation, and explain the connection of heat to change in temperature or states of matter. 2 determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other astronomy specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific technical context relevant to grades 9-12 texts and topics identify from a list the patterns of distribution of matter in the sun, earth, moon system. list the physical properties of the sun describe the key parts of the structure of earth and earth’s atmosphere. explain ways in which to measure temperature. 1 show the patterns of distribution of matter in the sun, earth, moon system. select from a list the physical properties of the sun, earth and moon. list the key parts of the structure of earth, sun and moon. Give Mr. Hyatt money

When you are done with your bellwork. 

Bellwork

Nuclear Fusion

Chemical Nuclear Candle Sun temperature 1,500 K 6,000K (surface) 15million K (core) Reactants Wax, o2 hydrogen Products Co2, H2O Helium Energy out Enough to burn your finger 174 x 1015 watts 174,000,000,000,000,000

Where does fusion happen? The core: it is the ONLY place in the entire sun where the temperature and pressures are high enough. The rest of the sun is too cold for fusion. That doesn’t mean there aren’t plenty of other things going on in the rest of the sun.

Make this a whole page Corona Chromosphere Photosphere Convective Zone Radiation Zone Core

The Photosphere, The Chromosphere, The Corona https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFxJ_8ob6BM

The Core, The Radiative Zone, The Convection Zone https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGkqGb-KDK4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGkqGb-KDK4&t=5s

Story Time

Journey from the Center of the Sun We don’t often stop to think about the journey of a ray of light from the core of the sun, where it’s made, all the way to earth’s surface. There, it might slam into us when we sunbathe, sometimes hitting us in rather unfortunate places.

In the cores of stars, about 15 million degrees Kelvin (27 million F) for our sun, hydrogen nuclei reach high enough speeds to overcome their natural repulsion [+ +] and collide. Omitting the intermediate steps, the sun simply says H He + energy (and light.)

Every time a helium nucleus is made, particles of light called photons get made. They’re powerful enough to be gamma rays, a form of light with the highest energy for which we have a classification. Photons are born moving the speed of light (186,282mps) and then unwittingly begin their trip out of the sun.

An undisturbed photon always moves in a straight line, but if something gets in the way, the photon will be either scattered or absorbed and re-emitted. Each of these fates can result in the photon being cast in a different direction with a different energy. (x-ray or visible light) Given how dense the sun is, each straight line trip lasts for 1 30billionth of a second (1 3oth of a nanosecond) or about 1cm of travel before it interacts with an atom or electron.

With constant new paths of travel outward, sideways, backward, how does an aimlessly wandering photon ever manage to leave the sun? A clue lies with…

So, with a step the size of a centimeter, a photon needs to take 5 sextillion steps to “random walk” the 70 billion centimeters from the sun’s center to the surface. Total linear distance traveled would be about 150,000 light years, and since a photon conveniently travels at the speed of light, it should take about 150,000 years to make it that far.

And…the outer 4th of the sun moves by convection. So, unbeknownst to our random walking photons the blob in which they are residing can swiftly sink tens of thousands of kilometers back into the sun, undoing possibly thousands of years movement. convection can bring photons closer to the surface, increasing their chances of escape.

Unfortunately , the structure of the sun (most of the sun’s mass is compacted in the core, and matter convects in the outer layers ) makes the total trip possibly last up to a million years. If the photon had a clear path, the trip would only take about 2.3 seconds.

Only about one of every half billion photons that emerge from the sun heads toward earth. Once the photons reach the surface of the Sun, they take their last random step before they make the quick, 480 second journey straight to you.

Heroic adventures through the sun are best taken by photons and not any other form of energy or matter. If you went on that trip, you’d be crushed to death, vaporized, and have every electron ripped from every atom. But know that when you sunbathe, you should do it with the full respect for the journey made for each one of the photons that strikes your body, no matter where it strikes.

A Photon’s Journey from the Sun to the Earth Concept from yesterday number 2 A Photon’s Journey from the Sun to the Earth https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqvkTdF3DMU

Please answer this question from the other day. What is fusion and how is it a factor for life on earth?

Full page T-shirt art Front of shirt: design and/or colored illustration of the concept Back of shirt: one or two line phrase or slogan using the concept Concept 1: Solar Flares vs. Coronal Mass Ejections Concept 2: The Random Walk of a photon Concept 3: Nuclear Fusion!!