Enzymes SPI 3210.1.5 Describe how enzymes control chemical reaction in the body

What Are Enzymes? Most enzymes are Proteins. Act as Catalyst to accelerate a reaction (make it go faster) Not permanently changed in the process

Enzymes They are specific for what they will catalyze or fit Are Reusable End in –ase -Sucrase -Lactase

EXAMPLE: If you put hydrogen peroxide on your skin – no reaction If you put hydrogen peroxide on blood – bubbles (reaction)

What do Enzymes do?? Break down stuff Make reactions happen Without them you would die Integral to digestive system

How do enzymes Work? Enzymes work by lowering activation energy

Enzyme attaches to substrate Reaction begins Substrate is changes Reaction stops Enzyme lets go – floats away Substrate now becomes the product

Enzymes Without Enzyme With Enzyme Free Energy Progress of the reaction Reactants Products Free energy of activation

Enzyme-Substrate Complex The Active Site location where an enzyme binds to the substrate. Active Site Enzyme Substrate

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Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity Temperature pH Inhibitors

High temperatures are the most dangerous denature enzymes (change the shape of the substrate) Most enzymes like near neutral pH (6 to 8) Inhibitors - slow down enzymes Ex. Preservatives