How Catalysts Work Main Concept:

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Presentation transcript:

How Catalysts Work Main Concept: Catalysts function by lowering the activation energy of an elementary step in a reaction mechanism, and by providing a new and faster reaction mechanism.

How Catalysts Work How Catalysts Work Activation Energy Types of Catalysts

- A catalyst can stabilize a transition state, lowering the activation energy and thus increasing the rate of a reaction. - A catalyst can increase a reaction rate by participating in the formation of a new reaction intermediate, thereby providing a new reaction pathway or mechanism

*Catalyst lowers activation energy

Classes of Catalysts Main Concept: Important classes in catalysts include acid-base catalysis, surface catalysis, and enzyme catalysis.

- In acid-base catalysis, a reactant either gains or loses a proton; this changes the rate of the reaction. - In surface catalysis, either a new reaction intermediate is formed, or the probability of successful collisions is modified.

- Some enzymes accelerate reactions by binding to the reactants in a way that lowers the activation energy. Other enzymes react with reactant species to form a new reaction intermediate.