Chapter 8 Bleeding.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 8 Bleeding

Bleeding Rapid blood loss can lead to shock or death. Hemorrhaging Loss of 1 quart in adult Loss of 1 pint in child Hemorrhaging Loss of a large quantity of blood in a short amount of time

Types of External Bleeding Arterial (spurting) Venous (flowing) Capillary (oozing)

Body’s Response to Bleeding Body responds naturally to bleeding: Blood vessel spasm Severed blood vessels draw back and constrict. Clotting Platelets form clot. Serves as a protective covering for wound

Care for External Bleeding (1 of 4) Wear gloves. If no gloves, improvise with other materials. Expose wound.

Care for External Bleeding (2 of 4) Apply pressure. Place sterile gauze pad or clean cloth over wound. Hold direct pressure for at least 5 minutes. Do not remove dressings.

Care for External Bleeding (3 of 4) Use a pressure bandage. Wrap roller gauze tightly over dressing. Do not cut off circulation.

Care for External Bleeding (4 of 4) Do not apply direct pressure to: Protruding bone fracture Skull fracture Embedded object Instead, use a ring pad. Form a loop by wrapping bandage around four fingers. Pass other end of bandage through loop. Wrap entire bandage around and around.

Internal Bleeding Skin is intact and blood is not seen. Can be life-threatening Causes: Bleeding stomach ulcers Lacerated liver Ruptured spleen Broken bones

Recognizing Internal Bleeding (1 of 2) Bright red blood from mouth or rectum Blood in urine Vaginal bleeding (nonmenstrual) Vomiting blood Bright red, dark red, or coffee grounds Stools are black, tarry, foul-smelling.

Recognizing Internal Bleeding (2 of 2) Pain, tenderness, bruising, or swelling Broken ribs, bruises over lower chest Rigid abdomen

Care for Severe Internal Bleeding Monitor breathing. Have victim lie on left side. Prevents aspiration of vomit Treat for shock. Keep warm with coat or blanket. For internal bleeding in an extremity, apply a splint. Seek immediate medical care.

Bruises A form of internal bleeding Not life-threatening Apply ice pack for 20 minutes. Apply elastic bandage for compression to extremity.