Proteomic Study Reveals Plasma Protein Changes in Congenital Heart Diseases Chao Xuan, MD, PhD, Ge Gao, MD, PhD, Qin Yang, MD, PhD, Xiu-Li Wang, MD, Zhi-Gang.

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Proteomic Study Reveals Plasma Protein Changes in Congenital Heart Diseases Chao Xuan, MD, PhD, Ge Gao, MD, PhD, Qin Yang, MD, PhD, Xiu-Li Wang, MD, Zhi-Gang Liu, MD, PhD, Xiao-Cheng Liu, MD, Guo- Wei He, MD, PhD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 97, Issue 4, Pages 1414-1419 (April 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.11.069 Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Representative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is shown of plasma from patients with congenital heart disease and normal controls. (A) Plasma protein (500 μg) from patients with (left) tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), (center) normal controls, and (right) ventricular septal defect (VSD) was subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis with first-dimension pH gradient of 3 to 10 and second-dimension sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Gels were stained with colloidal Coomassie Blue R-250. Spots were excised, processed as described in the experimental procedures, and analyzed by peptide mass fingerprinting. Square boxes indicate the location of gelsolin or Ficolin-3. (B) The intensity of plasma gelsolin was shown by the significant differences in expression between (left) TOF patients (8,962.7 ± 445.7) and (right) normal controls (12,119.0 ± 402.0; p<0.01 by unpaired t test). (C) The intensity of plasma ficolin-3 in TOF (7,477.2 ± 1,058.6 vs in control; p<0.01 by unpaired t test) and VSD (4,629.0 ± 588.3 vs in control; p<0.01 by unpaired t test) groups was shown downregulated in expression compared with the normal controls (15,239.8 ± 147.4). Data are shown as mean ± standard error of the mean. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2014 97, 1414-1419DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.11.069) Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure plasma levels of gelsolin and ficolin-3. (A) Plasma gelsolin levels in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients (76.30 ± 4.42 μg/mL) were significantly depressed compared with the healthy controls (131.80 ± 23.46 μg/mL; p = 0.025 by unpaired t test). (B) The plasma ficolin-3 level in normal controls (10.576 ± 1.576 μg/mL) was significantly elevated compared with the patients with TOF (4.930 ± 0.355 μg/mL; p = 0.001 by unpaired t test) and patients with isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD; 5.548 ± 0.343 μg/mL vs control; p = 0.003 by unpaired t test). Data are shown as mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 40). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2014 97, 1414-1419DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.11.069) Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions