Restoration & Revolution Restoration: Restoring the Monarchy after the republic. Glorious Revolution: (1688) A non-bloody revolution in which Catholic James II was overthrown (he abdicated and left) and replaced Mary and William of Orange who were chosen by parliament and signed a “Bill of Rights.” Bill of Rights: Made parliament the leader of the nation. Reminds you of “the grand remonstrance?”

Charles II Was Charles I’s son and the heir to the throne

Charles II was prevented from assuming the throne when Cromwell became Lord Protector after Charles I’s execution

married Catherine of Braganza who could have no children but Charles fathered about 14 different children through various mistresses

One of his popular decisions was to abolish the “Blue Laws” He favoured religious freedom, and there were rumours that he was going to restore Catholicism in England

Titus Oates, an ally of Charles II, suspected a “Popish Plot” - an assassination attempt on the King

Test Act Law made Church of England supreme. -Catholics cannot be in politics or join professions. -Charles II can’t fight it because parliament is supreme. -Meant to keep his brother (heir) from ruling. -James II is catholic. -Leads to creation of two political parties in parliament: Tories (support King) and Whigs (Don’t)

Charles’ brother, James II, was Catholic and the future heir to the throne. This created a division in Parliament and the Test Act was passed which was meant to prevent James from inheriting the throne

James II *Believe in the Divine Right of Kings *Was made king in 1685. * Wanted to take power back from parliament *Gave government jobs to catholics. *Executed anyone who rebelled against him in the “bloody assizes” (unfair trials).

The Glorious Revolution 1688 Parliament invited James’ Protestant daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange to become King and Queen of England, they agreed and agreed to rule by the Bill of Rights (made Parliament supreme) James’ supporters fled the country, he was forced to abdicate the throne For the first time Parliament chose the monarch, Divine Rights was dead and Parliament truly had power