Post Social Change (1920-1929)

Section 1- Society In the 1920’s 1. Traditional girl vs. flapper(New type of young lady) a. Flappers- symbolized this revolution- young women: rebellious, energetic, fun loving, and bold. b. represented small # of woman, but huge impact on society. (drank, smoked, make-up) 2. Despite new freedoms old clichés remained a. workplace, politics b. less 35% voted c. Era (Equal Rights Amendment) 1923 d. Jeannette Rankins- Montana- 1st woman in congress 1916

I. On the Move 1.Demographic- describe populations, such as data on race or income. a. more out of the country in 1920’s- more cities for 1st time. b. the 1920 census showed for the 1st time more people lived in Urban areas then in rural areas. c. led to more attendance in schools d. cities where more liberal, countryside (rural area) became conservative. A. African Americans 1. Late 1800’s through WWI- Great Migration and blocks to northern cities. a. Jim Crow Laws (segregation laws)(African American migration from south to North) b. Job opportunities c. not promised land- faced discrimination in as well

II. America Heroes Lindbergh 1. Charles Lindbergh “spirit St. Louis”, flew non stop from New York to Paris- took 331/2 hours (1927) a. became national and world wide known B. Amelia Earhart 1. 1928 1st woman to fly across Atlantic (she was only a passengers) a. 1932 did it by herself b. flew solo from Hawaii to California c. 1937 attempt to fly across world- disappeared somewhere in Atlantic. C. Sports Heroes 1. Jack Dempsey- Boxing Legend 2. Jim Thorpe athlete NFL 3. Babe Ruth 4. Gertrude Ederle- swim English Channel

Section 2: Jazz Age/ Mass Media 1. Def- print, film, and methods of communicating information to large # of people. Movies 1. the Jazz singer first talking movie (1927) 2. Charlie Chaplain B. News Papers 1. New York times a. based in profits- not quality of stories b. growth of Tabloids 2. Radio a. radio began getting information out 3. All this lead to the life we currently live in today.

II. Jazz Age Grew out of Black Music form the south- ragtime/blues. a. New Orleans sound b. because a craze of the 1920’s 2. Harlem- one of the most popular places to hear Jazz a. Cotton Club (life, Color purple) b. Louis Armstrong (“sactchmo”) Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington c. The Charleston Lost Generation 1. troubled writers that did not like where society was going a. most went to Europe b. Hemingway – F scott Fitzgerald ( the Great Gatsby)

III. Harlem Renaissance For blacks, Harlem was center of the world. a. 1914- 1930 Harlem grew from 50,000-200,000 b. 1920 Harlem became known to African Americans literary awakening. (known as the Harlem Renaissance) 2. James Weldon Johnson a. member of the NAACP b. “God Trombones’ sermons (Rhythmic verse) 3. Langston Hughes a poet, shout stories, playwright, journalist. spoke on three great things being human, being American, and being black.

Section 3: Cultural Conflicts Prohibition 1. goals were worthy but divided in America. a. 95% in Kansas obeying the law b. 5% in New York Obeyed 2. A. Bootlegging 1. supplies of illegal alcohol a. Stills- devices used to make alcohol from corn, grain, potatoes, or other fruit or vegetable sources. b. smuggled alcohol from Canada/Caribbean 2. Speakeasies bar that operated illegal. 3. 700 speakeasies, 4,000 bootleggers

Section 3 Cultural Conflict B. Organized Crime 1. had to be organized to make bootleggers successful. a. gangs started b. led to other interest (gambling, prostitution) 2. Al Capone Chicago (Scarface) a. 60 million a year from bootleggers alone b. FBI led by J. Edgar Hoover and Eliot Ness ( they fought back) c. finally got Capone on Tax invasion C. Religion 1. Evolution 2. Fundamentalism a. traditional Christians ideals of Jesus teachings b. Bible is God’s word- cannot be wrong c. Says that every story took place.

Section 3: Cultural Conflict 3. Billy Sunday a. Former baseball player (Famous preacher who spoke for Fundamentalist) 4. Scopes Trials 1925 Tenn. Passed laws – cant teach evolution. a. Teacher was named John Scopes arrested for trying to teach it b. became a battle between two of our countries 2 greatest lawyers Williams Jennings Bryant, Charles Darrow. c. National Media 2. Cut/day case- found Scopes guilty of breaking the law. a. drama was around two lawyers b. Darrow’s put Bryan himself on the Stand. (expert on Bible) 1. Brutal attack on Bible teaching 2. Bryan would die days after. (it wore him out)

II. Racial Tension 1. 1919 “Red Summer” racial violence between blacks and whites in 25 cities a. Chicago (worst Riots) , Lake Michigan , South (lynching) Klan 1. Grant had almost eliminated it while he was president. 2. 1915 comeback, 1922 > 100,000 members- 2 years later 4 million a. greatest # was in Indiana b. anti everything- immigration – anything not apart of them B. NAACP a. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People b. Blacks Counter

III. Racial Tension B. Garvey Movement 1. Marcus Garvey- from Jamaica UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association) a. natural to motherland of Africa b. military style uniforms c. criticized by other black leaders for his separatist teachings 2. 10 million carried back a. Harvey gathered 10 million to carry them back to homeland b. Black Pride movement