Section The First Empires

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Presentation transcript:

Section 3.2 - The First Empires Chapter 3, Fertile Crescent

Key Terms Empire- a state containing several countries or territories Ally- an independent state that works with other states to achieve a shared military or political goal Cultural trait- an idea or way of doing things that is common in a certain culture Hammurabi’s Code- a set of laws that governed life in the Babylonian empire Rule of law- the idea that all members of a society must obey the law

The Conquest of Sumer Conflict Sumerian city-states often fought over fertile land or other resources. Multiple city-states under one king = empire Lagash defeated Umma in 2450 BC, they looted and burned Umma, took their ppl as slaves Sargon Builds an Empire Akkadian ppl were NW of Sumer. diff. language & culture than Sumerians 2300s BC, Sargon is King of Kish (Kish is Sumerian!) Changes gov’t language to Akkadian Conquered many city-states Appointed loyal Akkadians to positions of power

The Conquest of Sumer Akkadian Culture Similar to Sumerian: religious practices, cuneiform writing Akkadian culture spread as the troops moved through the region and as people traded Akkadian Empire Ends Lasted more than 50 years Sargon’s death in 2279 BC led to invasions and rebellions Around 2100 BC, Sumer was united by Ur-Nammu

The Babylonian Empire The Empire Forms Northern Amorites took control of Babylon under King Hammurabi in 1792 BC Built up army and united south Meso. into Babylonia Sent tax collectors & troops through empire Oversaw public building projects Hammurabi’s Code He wanted the law to apply to everyone Specific punishments First attempt to organize laws of a society Social class affected severity of punishments What does severity mean?

The Babylonian Empire Daily Life in Babylonia Revolved around agriculture Canals for irrigation Wool was collected and woven Made tools, weapons, pottery, perfumes, bronze sculptures, gold jewelry Legacy of Sumer Empire faded out after Hammurabi’s death in 1750 BC Sumerian advances in technology, farming, writing, and law lived on!