Section 4: Economic Recover Sparks Change The Rise Of Europe Section 4: Economic Recover Sparks Change Witness History Audio: A Boy Learns a Trade An Agricultural Revolution The population of Europe nearly tripled between 1000 and 1300 because of improved technology and production methods. Two examples of such improvements are the iron plow and the three-field system. Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Judging from the selection, what kinds of abuses did some apprentices commit?” (theft, running away) “Why was apprenticeship a good way to learn a trade?” (lack of schools, craftsmen needed cheap labor, etc.) When showing Color Transparencies 43 and 44, use the lessons suggested in the transparency book to guide discussions. Note Taking Transparency 78 1 of 9

Section 4: Economic Recover Sparks Change The Rise Of Europe Section 4: Economic Recover Sparks Change The Revival of Trade and Travel Stops along the trade routes with the Middle East and Asia turned into cities, as did some of the towns where merchants waited out the winter. Lords or kings began to grant charters for new towns, and serfs often became free by moving to these towns. Geography Interactive: Trade in Medieval Europe, 1000-1300 A Commercial Revolution Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Judging from the selection, what kinds of abuses did some apprentices commit?” (theft, running away) “Why was apprenticeship a good way to learn a trade?” (lack of schools, craftsmen needed cheap labor, etc.) When showing Color Transparencies 43 and 44, use the lessons suggested in the transparency book to guide discussions. With the increase in trade came a need for capital and the benefits of partnerships and insurance. These and other new business practices were part of a commercial revolution that had as one result a lessening dependence on serfdom. Jews often served as the moneylenders because Christians were barred from charging interest. Color Transparency 44: The Rise of Europe 2 of 9

Section 4: Economic Recover Sparks Change The Rise Of Europe Section 4: Economic Recover Sparks Change The Rise of the Middle Class By 1000, merchants, traders and artisans formed the new middle class. They had economic and political power in medieval towns. Merchants and artisans formed guilds, which became powerful, competing associations. It was difficult to become a guild member, but the first step was always an unpaid apprenticeship. Women had their own guilds and worked in dozens of crafts. Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Judging from the selection, what kinds of abuses did some apprentices commit?” (theft, running away) “Why was apprenticeship a good way to learn a trade?” (lack of schools, craftsmen needed cheap labor, etc.) When showing Color Transparencies 43 and 44, use the lessons suggested in the transparency book to guide discussions. Color Transparency 43: Medieval Towns 3 of 9

Section 4: Economic Recover Sparks Change The Rise Of Europe Section 4: Economic Recover Sparks Change Town and City Life Medieval cities and towns were walled-in, and buildings eventually had to grow upward. The crowded cities were full of garbage and had no sewer systems. Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Judging from the selection, what kinds of abuses did some apprentices commit?” (theft, running away) “Why was apprenticeship a good way to learn a trade?” (lack of schools, craftsmen needed cheap labor, etc.) When showing Color Transparencies 43 and 44, use the lessons suggested in the transparency book to guide discussions. QuickTake Section Quiz Progress Monitoring Transparency QuickTake Section Quiz 4 of 9

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