Utility of Removable Esophageal Covered Self-Expanding Metal Stents for Leak and Fistula Management Shanda H. Blackmon, MD, MPH, Rachel Santora, MD,

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Utility of Removable Esophageal Covered Self-Expanding Metal Stents for Leak and Fistula Management Shanda H. Blackmon, MD, MPH, Rachel Santora, MD, Peter Schwarz, MD, Alberto Barroso, MD, Brian J. Dunkin, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 89, Issue 3, Pages 931-937 (March 2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.10.061 Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Esophageal pexy procedure to prevent stent migration from upper esophagus. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2010 89, 931-937DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.10.061) Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Etiology, chronicity, and outcome of patients undergoing esophageal stenting. +One patient had two episodes of stenting for different reasons, thus, n = 24 for etiology. (GBP = gastric bypass; S = successfully treated with esophageal stenting with complete healing; S+ = successful seal with stenting but no healing noted; TE = tracheo-esophageal; U = unsuccessfully treated with esophageal stenting.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2010 89, 931-937DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.10.061) Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Continued leakage of contrast into left side of chest after initial deployment of stent. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2010 89, 931-937DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.10.061) Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Esophageal fistula (more than 90 days old) that healed after decortication of chest and stenting. (A) Computed tomography reconstructed image. (B) Contrast leakage into abdomen tracking toward left pleural space. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2010 89, 931-937DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.10.061) Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions