3 November Today’s Bell Ringer With the people around you, consider the role of Carbon in the environment. How does carbon flow through an ecosystem? EVERYONE SHOULD BE MAKING NOTES IN THEIR NOTEBOOK ABOUT YOUR DISCUSSION Now with your group, describe the relationship between Respiration and Photosynthesis.

Begin Chapter 4 – Cells and Energy Define the following: Cellular Respiration – Photosynthesis –

Today’s Bell Ringer Answer these Questions, using your textbook 3 November Today’s Bell Ringer Answer these Questions, using your textbook Where does the original source of energy come from that makes it possible for us to move, learn, and think? What form is energy in that makes it possible for us to move, learn, and think? Where does that energy conversion process take place and what are the three steps in this process called? 4) What are the products and reactants related to respiration?

Answers: Where does the original source of energy come from that makes it possible for us to move, learn, and think? (The sun – page 100) What form is energy in that makes it possible for us to move, learn, and think? (ATP) Where does that energy conversion process take place and what are the three steps in this process called? (Mitochondria – page 113 & 114) 4) What are the products and reactants related to respiration?

The chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by ATP. Molecules in food store chemical energy in their bonds. Starch molecule Glucose molecule

H2O

Study Guide Chapters Chapter 4 Page 31 – 1 – 3 and the drawing box Page 32 – 7 & 8

Today’s Bell Ringer Define the following: Aerobic – Anaerobic – 3 November Today’s Bell Ringer Define the following: Aerobic – Anaerobic – ADP & ATP – Which organisms are producers and which are consumers (autotrophs) (heterotrophs) Where does Photosynthesis and Respiration take place?

Today’s Bell Ringer Define the following: Aerobic – Anaerobic – 20 November Today’s Bell Ringer Define the following: Aerobic – Anaerobic – ADP & ATP – Which organisms are producers and which are consumers (autotrophs) (heterotrophs) Where does Photosynthesis and Respiration take place?

ATP transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell functions. Energy is released when a phosphate group is removed. ADP is changed into ATP when a phosphate group is added. phosphate removed

What cells contain Mitochondria?

mitochondrion animal cell

energy from glycolysis 6H O 2 6CO 6O mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) inner membrane ATP energy energy from glycolysis 4 and We eat food We breath in oxygen Energy & Enzymes C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + ATP

Glycolysis – The splitting of a sugar molecule Krebs Cycle 6H O 2 6CO 6O ATP 4 and Glycolysis – The splitting of a sugar molecule Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain

Organisms break down carbon-based molecules to produce ATP. Carbohydrates are the molecules most commonly broken down to make ATP. not stored in large amounts up to 36 ATP from one glucose molecule triphosphate adenosine diphosphate tri=3 di=2

9 November Today’s Bell Ringer Lab activity:

Initial Balloon Diameter - yeast only (cm) 10 November When writing your Introduction and topic Background, you should think about the following: What is respiration Where does it occur Why does it occur How is related to our experiment Yeast are fungi Address the role of yeast and fermentation Then comes the Hypothesis Finally, the Conclusion should confirm or reject you hypothesis and then: Discuss why it was confirmed/rejected What you confirmed about the topic of respiration What did you learn Extra credit if you can make a graph of percent change. Initial – Final/initial*(100) Initial Balloon Diameter - yeast only (cm) Final Balloon Diameter - yeast and sugar (cm) 13 30 27 14 24 15 31

Initial Balloon Diameter - yeast only (cm) Final Balloon Diameter - yeast only (cm) Initial Balloon Diameter - yeast and sugar (cm) Final Balloon Diameter - yeast and sugar (cm) 13 14 30 15 27 24 31 16 Formula for percent change

Today’s Bell Ringer 12 November Define the following: Stomata – Guard cells – Transpiration – Xylem – Phloem – Epidermis – Mesophyll – Study Guide Questions Page 33 – all Page 34 – all Page 35 – only #1 Page 36 – only #4

Today’s Bell Ringer Write down the three steps of RESPIRATION? 12 November Today’s Bell Ringer Write down the three steps of RESPIRATION? Glycolysis Sugar split into two molecules 2. Kreb’s cycle CO2 released 3. ETC Hydrogen ions pushed to one side of the membrane to drive the production of ATP

Photosynthesis 1. Light energy is absorbed (light dependent reaction) Water is split into O2 and Hydrogen ions 2. ETC Hydrogen ions pushed to one side of the membrane to drive the production of ATP 3. Calvin cycle (aka light independent reaction) Carbon Dioxide is absorbed and combined into 2 three-carbon molecules then they are joined to form glucose/fructose

Photosynthetic organisms are producers. Producers make their own source of chemical energy. Plants use photosynthesis and are producers. Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to make sugars.

Photosynthesis in plants occurs in chloroplasts. Photosynthesis takes place in two parts of chloroplasts. grana (thylakoids) stroma chloroplast stroma grana (thylakoids)

The light-dependent reactions capture energy from sunlight. take place in thylakoids water and sunlight are needed chlorophyll absorbs energy energy is transferred along thylakoid membrane then to light-independent reactions oxygen is released

The light-independent reactions make sugars. take place in stroma needs carbon dioxide from atmosphere use energy to build a sugar in a cycle of chemical reactions

The equation for the overall process is: 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 granum (stack of thylakoids) thylakoid sunlight 1 six-carbon sugar 6H2O 6CO2 6O2 chloroplast 1 2 4 3 energy stroma (fluid outside the thylakoids)

Light-Dependent Light-Independent 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2 Energy & Enzymes Sunlight & chlorophyll

The chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by ATP. Molecules in food store chemical energy in their bonds. Starch molecule Glucose molecule

PHOTOSYNTHESIS 6 RESPIRATION

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1_uez5WX1o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g78utcLQrJ4 Bozeman https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sQK3Yr4Sc_k Crash course Photosynthesis videos Carbon cycling Virtual Lab http://www.classzone.com/cz/books/bio_07/resources/htmls/virtual_labs/virtualLabs.html

This assignment is due on tomorrow when you arrive to class. 16 November Carbon cycling Virtual Lab http://www.classzone.com/cz/books/bio_07/resources/htmls/virtual_labs/virtualLabs.html Using a sheet of paper to answer questions, your assignment is to write down your hypothesis, describe your experimental design, and provide conclusions for this lab tutorial. This assignment is due on tomorrow when you arrive to class.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g78utcLQrJ4

17 & 18 Nov. Photosynthesis packet 19 Nov. Video on plants 20 Nov. Quiz on photosynthesis 23 Nov. New section, Mitosis & Meiosis, on BellRinger 5