Earth’s Layers.

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Presentation transcript:

Earth’s Layers

Earth is divided into 3 chemical layers:

Earth is divided into 3 chemical layers: Each layer is a different chemical compound

3 chemical layers: 1. Crust 2. Mantle 3. Core

CRUST: Is the outermost layer on the earth. Thickness varies. Under mountains it can be as thick as 40-70 km and less than 7 km under the ocean. It is the least dense of all the layers. (lightest layer) It is made up of silicon and oxygen.

2 TYPES OF CRUST: Oceanic crust is very dense, made of Basalt. Continental crust is less dense, made of Granite.

GRANITE BASALT

MANTLE: Located below the crust. It is the largest layer (about 2900 km thick). Hot soft rocks made up of more magnesium and iron. Density increases with depth due to increase in pressure. Remember less dense near the crust more dense near the core.

CORE: Located below the Mantle. Is the center of the Earth – 2400 km in diameter Made of mostly iron and nickel Most dense layer

Earth is divided into 5 physical layers:

Earth is divided into 5 physical layers: Each layer is a different physical state of matter. The physical states of matter are: Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.

Earth is divided into 5 physical layers: Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mesosphere Outer Core Inner Core

This is the “crunchy” layer of the Earth. Look at the sub-layers of the mantle LITHOSPHERE: This is the “crunchy” layer of the Earth. It includes the crust and the very uppermost part of the upper Mantle ASTHENOSPHERE: Soft – can bend like plastic, layer in the upper portion of the mantle It is located right below the Lithosphere. Lithosphere floats on this layer (like jello)

the “Moho” (Mohorovicic discontinunity) is between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere

The outer crust is about 2300 km thick. Outer Core: is liquid and is made up of mostly iron (easily magnetized) The movement of materials in the liquid outer crust is inferred to be the cause of Earth’s magnetic field! The outer crust is about 2300 km thick.

Inner Core: Is the center of the Earth – 2400 km in diameter. It’s solid iron and nickel. Most dense layer (heaviest) The increased pressure causes the inner core to be solid

In your notes lets draw together a diagram of the Earth’s 3 Chemical layers. CRUST MANTLE CORE

Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mesosphere In your notes lets draw together a diagram of the Earth’s 5 Physical layers. Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mesosphere OUTER CORE INNER CORE

In Review: What are the 3 chemical layers of the Earth? Crust, Mantle, Core Which layer is the least dense? Crust Which core layer is solid iron and nickel? Inner core What is the name given to the “crunchy” layer of the crust and uppermost part of the mantle? Lithosphere 5. The motion in this layer is the reason Earth has a magnetic field. Outer core