Active Transport

Standards CLE 3210.1.5 - Compare different models to explain the movement of materials into and out of the cell. SPI 3210.1.8 - Compare active and passive transport. RLE 2010.2.1 - Recognize the importance of homeostasis as a survival mechanism.

Cell Transport Passive Transport Active Transport Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Does NOT require energy, moves from HIGH concentrations to LOW concentrations DOES require energy, moves from LOW concentrations to HIGH concentrations, moves LARGE molecules (glucose) via transport proteins Moves small molecules, like CO2 & O2 gases, directly through the membrane Movement of water across the membrane Uses transport proteins to move large molecules through the membrane WITHOUT energy 3 Types of Solutions Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic Water moves out of the cell & it shrinks Water moves into the cell & it swells Water moves equally in and out of the cell; it stays the same size Protein Pumps Endocytosis Exocytosis Transport proteins that require energy to do work. Example: Sodium / Potassium Pumps are important in nerve responses. Materials ENTER the cell through a vesicle formed by the membrane Materials EXIT the cell through a vesicle formed by the Golgi Body Controlled via the Cell Membrane

Active Transport Active Transport: Why does it use energy? Requires the use of energy. Molecules are moving from an area of low concentration to high concentration. Or Moving molecules into/out of cell with vesicles

Cell Membrane Pumps Pump Proteins: Example: Some transport proteins can move material from low concentration to high concentration. These proteins are called “pumps” Sodium Potassium Pump.

Sodium Potassium Pump - Page 104

Vesicles Transport Endocytosis: Exocytosis: the process by which a cell membrane surrounds and engulfs a substance into a vesicle to bring it into the cell the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that fuses with the membrane expels the substance out of the cell

Endocytosis Three Types of Endocytosis: Pinocytosis Phagocytosis Receptor-mediated endocytosis (not in your book) The movement of fluids and small molecules into the cell in vesicles. The movement of large particles or whole cells into the cell in vesicles. When particles bind to receptor proteins it causes the cell to pull the bound particles into the cell.

Exocytosis Exocytosis: What gets exported this way? the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out Any molecules packaged by the Golgi Apparatus and waste products.

Review Active Transport – Three main types: “Protein Pumps” move molecules from low to high concentration. Endocytosis – moving things into cell Pinocytosis Phagocytosis Exocytosis – moving things out of the cell

Cell Transport Passive Transport Active Transport Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Does NOT require energy, moves from HIGH concentrations to LOW concentrations DOES require energy, moves from LOW concentrations to HIGH concentrations, moves LARGE molecules (glucose) via transport proteins Moves small molecules, like CO2 & O2 gases, directly through the membrane Movement of water across the membrane Uses transport proteins to move large molecules through the membrane WITHOUT energy 3 Types of Solutions Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic Water moves out of the cell & it shrinks Water moves into the cell & it swells Water moves equally in and out of the cell; it stays the same size Protein Pumps Endocytosis Exocytosis Transport proteins that require energy to do work. Example: Sodium / Potassium Pumps are important in nerve responses. Materials ENTER the cell through a vesicle formed by the membrane Materials EXIT the cell through a vesicle formed by the Golgi Body Controlled via the Cell Membrane

Paramecium View the video How does this video show both a type of passive and a type of active transport?

Exit Ticket Identify and explain the type of transport you see happening in this video