Runway Excursions

Runway Excursion 2000 Runway Excursions in Canada This is the Antonov aircraft that went off the end of the runway in Windsor, Ontario on the 18 December 2000 TSB Report: The aircraft landed with a 4kt tail wind component. It was about 20 feet higher and 6 knots faster than recommended when it crossed over the threshold of Runway 25 which is the only ILS runway. The aircraft touched down 3400 feet from the threshold of 25; runway has 7850 available for landing distance ft. The task of landing the aircraft was made more difficult by IMC, darkness and the crew’s lack of familiarity with the airport. A light snow reduced breaking and the aircraft did not stop and overran the runway. Previous information passed to the crew regarding braking condition, and other aircraft landing without problem likely led the crew to believe that braking was adequate for a normal approach and landing. There were no injuries to the crew and minor damage to the aircraft while knocking out the localizer antenna array.

information campaign on runway excursions in Canada RSIPP Worldwide, runway excursions are the highest single occurrence category of all accidents for commercial & general aviation operations information campaign on runway excursions in Canada Runway Safety and Incursion Prevention Panel Flight Safety Foundation in 2006 initiated a project entitled Runway Safety Initiative (RSI) to address the challenge of runway safety Runway Incursions, Runway Confusion and Runway Excursions 1995-2008 1429 commercial aircraft accidents 431(30%) were runway related. Of these, 417 or 97% were runway excursions Over the past 14 years there have been an average of almost 30 excursion runway accidents per year worldwide for commercial aircraft while for rwy confusion/incursion there has been 1 per year. Goal of RSI is to highlight high risk areas of runway excursions and provide intervention and mitigations to reduce the risk Goal of RSIPP in 2010/2011 is to identify Runway Excursions in Canada and conduct an information awareness in Canada to highlight the specific risks in Canada

RSIPP Background Canadian Business Aviation Association Canadian Owners and Pilots Association National Airlines Council of Canada NAV CANADA Transport Canada Transportation Safety Board of Canada Air Canada Pilots Association Air Line Pilots Association Air Transport Association of Canada Air Traffic Specialists/ Local 2245 CAW Canadian Airports Council Canadian Air Traffic Control Association

Definition of a Runway Excursions A runway excursion occurs when an aircraft fails to confine its take off or landing to the designated runway. This may occur during the take off roll if the aircraft leaves the runway other than by becoming fully airborne or if an attempted landing is not completed within the confines of the intended runway. A departing aircraft fails to become airborne or successfully reject the take off before reaching the end of the designated runway. A landing aircraft is unable to stop before the end of the designated runway is reached. An aircraft taking off, rejecting take off or landing departs the side of the designated runway. An aircraft attempting a landing touches down in the undershoot area of the designated landing runway within the aerodrome perimeter.

Take off Excursions Landing Excursions Top Risk Factors Take off Excursions Rejected take off at a speed greater than V1, loss of pilot directional control, rejecting take off before V1 Landing Excursions Go around not conducted, touchdown long, landing gear malfunctions and ineffective breaking

Pieces of the puzzle Flight operations Air Traffic Management Airport Aircraft manufacturer Regulator This slide show expands only on the role of Flight operations. Air Traffic Management and Airports. The aircraft manufacturer and the Regulator(Transport Canada) will not be covered in this presentation.

Flight Operations Risk Control Measures Stabilized approach criteria No fault go-around policy Training Decision making

Airports Risk Control Measures Runway design, markings, condition, maintenance Availability of RSC Reports SNOW and ICE Plans Defined criteria for closing a runway Runway safety area Aircraft Rescue & Fire-Fighting Visual means for flight crews to determine runway distance

Air Traffic Management Risk Control Measures Awareness of the importance of stabilized approaches descent clearances or approach speeds Selection of runway appropriate to wind Accurate and timely weather reports Accurate and timely runway surface condition reports

Transportation Safety Board of Canada High level recommendations from the TSB: In bad weather, pilots need to receive timely information about runway surface conditions. Airports need to lengthen the safety areas at the end of runways or install other engineered systems and structures to safely stop planes that overrun. TSB Launches Watchlist, Calls for Action March 16, 2010 Air Fact Sheet Landing Accidents and Runway Overruns The Problem Landing accidents and runway overruns continue to occur at Canadian airports. Background Millions of landings occur each year on Canadian runways. Rain, snow, ice, or slush can contaminate these runways and will have an effect on the landing distance. Pilots are required to calculate landing distance prior to each landing. To do this, they need to have an accurate report of runway surface conditions. However, if this information is not available, landing distance calculations could be in error and the aircraft is at risk of running off the end of the runway. Should this happen, it is important that an aircraft have an adequate "safety area" beyond the runway's end. At some airports, however, this is not the case, and the terrain beyond the end of the runway could contribute to aircraft damage and injuries to passengers and crew. This area, therefore, must be sufficiently clear of obstacles.

Excursions

Excursions

RSIPP Actions for RE Campaign Create a Runway Excursion database Continue to provide an awareness program to aviation stakeholders Share industry best-practices to reduce the risk of Runway Excursions

Conclusion What does the future hold for work on runway incursions? Working together and sharing of information, can prevent runway excursions