Topic #2: Habitat and Lifestyle What is a Niche? Where and organism LIVES and what it DOES Examples: A poplar tree living in the mountains in Banff. What is its role?

Beavers living in a Beaver Dam

Broad Niches and Generalists Why do Canadian ecosystems lack diversity but support high numbers of species?

Narrow Niches and Specialists Why in the Tropics are there many types of species but low populations of each species?

Symbiotic Relationships Commensalism – one species benefits the other does not Mutualism – both species benefit Parasitism – one species benefits while the other is harmes

Vocabulary: Lets Review: Environment Competition Variation Ecosystem Symbiotic Relationship Broad Niche Generalists Specialists Narrow Niches Specialization Specialization Trap

Topic #3: Passing it On Everywhere you look you see organisms that look like their parents. How are these characteristics passed on from generation to generation?

Reproduction There are two types of reproduction: Sexual Asexual Both are reproductive strategies designed to pass on the most heritable/inherited characteristics on order for a species to thrive

Examples of Asexual Reproduction Binary Fission – common in single cell organisms (Amoeba) The cell first duplicates its contents then splits with identical contents

2. Asexual Spores – Common in fungi where they produce single celled reproductive structures called spores

3. Vegetative Reproduction – The growing tips of roots and stems contain areas of rapidly reproducing cells called meristems.

4. Budding – common in sea sponges, hydra where a cell near the base of one of these organisms produces a new group of cells called a “bud” which will eventually detach itself and become independant

Sexual Reproduction Occurs when two parents supply the genetic material for the offspring(by combining) As a result each new offspring will look different

Best of Both Worlds Some plants and animals are able to reproduce both sexually and asexually Examples: Zygospores produce asexually by producing spores yet contain genetic material from 2 different sources

Bacterial Conjugation Bacteria transfer genetic material from one parent to another but do NOT produce new cells. New cells are produced later by binary fission Why is this beneficial?

Review http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWfgpHKP0_4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tbxN5uwaqA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ixEDLa3Jlc

Sexual Reproduction in Animals

Internal Sexual Fertilization Benefits: Drawbacks:

External Fertilization Benefits Drawbacks

Sexual Reproduction in Plants

Bread Mould Why does Bread Mould?

Bread Mould Reproduction

Mould Life Cycle