Cell Structure Unit 3 – Lesson 3

Cell Structure All parts of the cell are made out of four basic components. Proteins Lipids Carbs DNA

Looks like mini-organs! Cell Structure Each cell has a job to do. It needs structures in order to function. Cells rely on structures called ORGANELLES. Looks like mini-organs!

Cell Structure Organelles aide the cell with: Shape and Movement Manufacturing Molecules Processing Energy Processing, Transporting and Storing Molecules

Cell Shape and Movement Shape is given to the cell by: Cell Membrane Cell Wall Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton

Cell Membrane Protective layer around all cells. It allows food and oxygen into the cell and waste products out of the cell. The pink structure indicates a protein in the cell membrane – proteins allow material in and out of the cell Animal Cell Plant Cell

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LKN5sq5dtW4

Why Do Plant Cells Have Cell Walls? Tough rigid outer coverings that protects the cell and give it shape. Found in plants, algae, fungi, and some bacteria. Why Do Plant Cells Have Cell Walls? Animal Cell Plant Cell

Cytoplasm The “soup” in which all other organelles reside. A gelatin like mixture. Animal Cell Plant Cell

Cell Shape and Movement Movement is given to the cell by: Cilia Flagella Animal Cell Plant Cell

Manufacturing Molecules The cell constantly needs to make molecules for growth and repair. Organelles that manufacture molecules. Nucleus Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum

The Nucleus The largest organelle inside eukaryotes Directs all cellular activities and CONTAINS DNA. DNA carries the recipe for making proteins, lipids, and carbs (the basic components of all life) Animal Cell Plant Cell

Amino acids coming together to make PROTEINS Ribosomes Structures that make proteins. Amino acids coming together to make PROTEINS

Endoplasmic Reticulum Allows for production and transport of cellular materials. Can be smooth or rough Rough ER has ribosomes!

through PHOTOSYNTEHSIS makes energy from sugar Processing Energy All organisms need energy. Organelles that help in energy processing are: Chloroplasts (plants only) Mitochondria CHLOROPLAST makes sugar through PHOTOSYNTEHSIS MITOCHONDRIA makes energy from sugar through RESPIRATION

Processing, Transporting, and Storing Molecules When the cells makes materials for growth and repair, the materials need to be shipped, stored, or processed. Think of UPS. Golgi Body – like UPS Vesicles - transport Vacuoles – storage Lysosome - digestion PLANT CELLS HAVE BIG VACUOLES!

endoplasmic reticulum nucleus protein on its way! DNA TO: RNA vesicle TO: TO: vesicle ribosomes TO: protein finished protein Golgi apparatus Making Proteins