Periodic Table and Molar Masses

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Presentation transcript:

Periodic Table and Molar Masses

An isotope is an atom with a particular number of neutrons. You identify an isotope with its symbol and its mass number Mass number = protons + neutrons Example C -14 C is the symbol and 14 is the mass number C = carbon 14 = 6 protons + 8 neutrons

What is the isotope? Example Atomic number 27 and 32 neutrons Answer Co - 59

Atomic number 74 and 110 neutrons

W - 184

Mass number 29 and 15 neutrons

Si - 29

26 positive charges in the nucleus and 30 neutral charges in the nucleus

Fe - 56

Example Molar mass of H2O? Answer 2 Hydrogens + 1 Oxygen What is the molar mass? Example Molar mass of H2O? Answer 2 Hydrogens + 1 Oxygen 1 + 1 + 16 = 18 grams/mole

CO2

CO2 44.0 grams/mole

NaOH

NaOH 40.0 grams/mole

KCl

KCl 74.0 grams/mole

C6H12O6

C6H12O6 180.0 grams/mole

MgCl2

MgCl2 95.2 grams/mole

CrO7

CrO7 164.0 grams/mole

Ca(OH)2

Ca(OH)2 74.0 grams/mole

(NH4)3PO4

(NH4)3PO4 149.0 grams/mole

WATER H2O

What is the molar mass of water?

What is the molar mass of water? 18 grams / mole 18 grams per mole

What does this mean?

What does this mean? It means that if you have 1.0 mole of water, you have 18.0 grams of water.

Anything else?

Anything else? It also means that if you have 1.0 mole of water, you have 6.02 x1023 molecules of water.

What if you had 2.0 moles of water? How much is this?

What if you had 2.0 moles of water? How much is this? It’s 36 grams of water. It’s also 1.204 x1024 molecules of water.

Mole to Gram Conversions Example What is the mass in grams of 3.5 moles of copper? 3.5 moles Cu X 63.55 grams/mole = 222.0 grams

3.5 moles of C

3.5 moles of C 42 grams of carbon

0.65 moles of K

0.65 moles of K 25.415 grams of potassium

1.2 moles of MgF2

1.2 moles of MgF2 74.8 grams of MgF2

4.2 moles of Ca(OH)2

4.2 moles of Ca(OH)2 310.8 grams of Ca(OH)2

Gram to Mole Conversions Example How many moles are there in 48 grams of O2? 48 grams of O2 ÷ 32 grams/mole = 1.5 moles

5.0 grams of Ca

5.0 grams of Ca 0.125 moles of Ca

0.535 grams of Zn

0.535 grams of Zn 0.0082 moles of Zn

36 grams of CO2

36 grams of CO2 0.82 moles of CO2

45 grams of (NH4)2S

45 grams of (NH4)2S 0.66 moles of (NH4)2S

Atoms or molecules to mole conversions Example How many moles are there in 3.5 x1020 atoms of gold? 3.5 x1020 atoms ÷ 6.02 x1023 atoms/mole = 0.00058 moles of gold

1,000,000,000 atoms of copper

1,000,000,000 atoms of copper 1.66 x10-15 moles of copper

2.7 x1035 atoms of tin

2.7 x1035 atoms of tin 4.49 x1011 moles of tin

Mole to Atoms or molecules conversions Example How many atoms are there in 2.3 moles of carbon? 2.3 moles X 6.02 x1023 atoms/mole = 1.38 x1024 atoms of carbon

0.4 moles of iron

0.4 moles of iron 2.4 x1023 atoms of iron

12.5 moles of water

12.5 moles of water 7.5 x1024 molecules of water

Atoms or molecules to grams

2.3 x1024 molecules of water

2.3 x1024 molecules of water 68.7 grams of water

7 trillion atoms of uranium

7 trillion atoms of uranium 0.000000003 grams of uranium

Grams to atoms or molecules

10 grams of CO2

10 grams of CO2 1.37 x1023 molecules of CO2

0.000075 grams of lead

0.000075 grams of lead 2.18 x1017 atoms of lead