Measurement of perfusion pressure of perforators and its correlation with their internal diameter  V. Bhattacharya, S.B. Deshpande, R.K. Watts, G. Raveendra Reddy, S.K. Singh, Sunish Goyal  British Journal of Plastic Surgery  Volume 58, Issue 6, Pages 759-764 (September 2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.039 Copyright © 2005 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Colour Doppler images representative perforators having the internal diameters of 1.0, 1.6, 1.9 and 2.2mm. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2005 58, 759-764DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.039) Copyright © 2005 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Colour Doppler images representative perforators having the internal diameters of 1.0, 1.6, 1.9 and 2.2mm. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2005 58, 759-764DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.039) Copyright © 2005 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Colour Doppler images representative perforators having the internal diameters of 1.0, 1.6, 1.9 and 2.2mm. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2005 58, 759-764DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.039) Copyright © 2005 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Preoperative Audio Doppler showing the location of the perforators corresponding to colour Doppler findings. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2005 58, 759-764DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.039) Copyright © 2005 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 (A) Post traumatic unstable ulcer of the proximal heel and tendo Achilles area. (B) Distal posterior tibial perforators were identified through one of the proposed incision to dissect island retrograde fasciocutaneous flap. (C) Successful flap in the immediate postoperative period. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2005 58, 759-764DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.039) Copyright © 2005 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Representative recording showing the entire procedure of recording the femoral artery pressure in anaesthetised rat. The ‘0’ indicated atmospheric pressure and Ptrans indicates the pressure given in the transducer. The pressure in the femoral artery after connecting to cannula is shown at 200 and 50μV/cm sensitivities. The calibration in mmHg is indicated on the left side and the actual pressure in this artery is indicated on the right. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2005 58, 759-764DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.039) Copyright © 2005 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 7 A representative recording of the original tracing of a perforator in a patient. ‘0’ indicates the atmospheric pressure. Ptrans is the pressure given in the transducer and Pperf is pressure in perforator at 200 and 50μV/cm. The actual pressure in this perforator is shown on the right side and on the left side the calibrations in mmHg are shown. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2005 58, 759-764DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.039) Copyright © 2005 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Figure 8 From Right to Left—pressure in the perforator is directly proportional to internal diameter of the perforator. The mean±SD (n=10) values of pressures in different sizes of perforators are indicated on the extreme right side. The values are positively correlated (r=0.95, p<0.001). The sizes of the perforators were measured preoperatively by the colour Doppler. Recordings of actual pressure tracings in different sizes of the perforators in a patient. The numericals in parenthesis under the tracings indicate the actual pressure in mmHg in the perforators. The mean pressure (mmHg) in indicated along with the range. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2005 58, 759-764DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.039) Copyright © 2005 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons Terms and Conditions