1) Glycolysis Recap

2) Krebs Cycle Recap

3) ETC Recap

What happens if cells do not receive enough oxygen? Fermentation (aka: Anaerobic Respiration)

CO2 + H2O

2 steps for Anaerobic Respiration 1. Glycolysis - same as aerobic respiration 2. Fermentation (2 types) - allows the production of a small amount of ATP without oxygen

1) Lactic Acid Fermentation Occurs in muscle cells of animals (& humans) When you exercise and can’t take in oxygen as fast as your muscles need, then your muscle cells produce lactic acid (makes your muscles sore!)

Exercise & training Strenuous exercise both aerobic & anaerobic Lifting heavy weights – 100% anaerobic Marathon = 99% aerobic Soccer or basketball game = 80% aerobic Improve ATP production through training Anaerobic sprints increase glycogen in muscles & more tolerant to lactic acid Aerobic long runs increase size & # of mitochondria in muscles and improve heart & lungs delivery of oxygen

2) Alcohol Fermentation Yeast and some bacteria produce alcohol & CO2 when they perform fermentation. We humans use both types of fermentation to make foods (like bread, cheese, sour cream, pickles, yogurt) and alcoholic beverages.

Total # ATP from 1 molecule of glucose during anaerobic respiration? 2 ATP Produced Compare to 34 ATP produced during aerobic respiration

Comparison of 2 types of Respiration Aerobic Requires oxygen Includes Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, & ETC Produces 36 ATP per glucose Anaerobic No oxygen AKA fermentation - 2 types (Lactic Acid & Alcohol) Includes Glycolysis Produces 2 ATP per glucose

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