Minerals Naturally-occurring, inorganic solid with definite physical and chemical properties.

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Presentation transcript:

Minerals Naturally-occurring, inorganic solid with definite physical and chemical properties.

How minerals are identified Physical and chemical properties---over 3000 minerals but each is unique

Physical properties Color--LEAST reliable….over 3000 minerals but not 3000 colors!

Cleavage Pattern of regular breakage along flat planes

Fracture Irregular breakage (not flat planes)

Hardness Resistance to abrasion Measured by Moh’s scale

Streak Color of the powdered form when scratched against a porcelain plate

Specific Gravity The density of a mineral compared to the density of an equal volume of water

Silicon Oxygen tetrahedron Oxygen--most abundant Silicon--second

Special properties Calcite acid test Calcite double refraction flourescence

Luster The way a mineral reflects light Metallic (looks like a metal) Non-Metallic (does not look metallic)

Arrangement of the Atoms Determines the physical and chemical properties