Macromolecules

Carbon One of the most important elements found in living things If something is “organic”, it is a “carbon-based” organism meaning many of it’s molecules contain carbon This is NOT in the notes guide, but you should write it down

What are Macromolecules? Macromolecules are the large molecules that are necessary for life These macromolecules include: Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids Proteins

Describing Macromolecules We describe macromolecules by identifying their monomers and polymers Monomers = single units Polymers = many monomers bound together Monomers are polymerized (joined together) to form a polymer

Describing Macromolecules

Carbohydrates Monomer: Monosaccharides (simple sugar) Polymer: Polysaccharides (chain of sugars) Function: Main source of energy & provides structure for some organisms Example: Sugar, pasta, fiber, and starches

Lipids Monomer: Fatty Acids & Glycerol Polymer: Lipids Function: Stores energy, part of cell membranes and waterproof coverings Example: Oils, waxes and steroids

Nucleic Acids Monomer: Nucleotide Polymer: Nucleic Acids Function: Carries genetic information Example: Deoxyribonucleic Acid & Ribonucleic Acid

Proteins Monomer: Amino Acids Polymer: Proteins Function: Builds bones and muscles, enzymes control rates of reactions, transport things in/out of cells, & helps fight disease Example: Meat, Lactase, Cell Membrane Channels, White & Red Blood Cells