The Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution World History Mr Pack The Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution

World History Nicholas Copernicus was the first person to argue that the sun was the center of the universe (1543) Previously believed the earth was the center of the universe (Ptolemy) from 200 CE. Isaac Newton's universal law of gravitation explained all motion in the universe

Ptolemaic vs Heliocentric

Newton

World History The Enlightenment- an 18th century philosophical movement John Locke- argued everyone is born with a blank slate, and are molded by their experiences Locke's Two Treatsies on Government argued that humans had natural rights (life, liberty and property). It also influenced America's Bill of Rights.

John Locke

World History Rene Descartes- Father of modern rationalism, a system of thought that states reason is source of knowledge. (I think, therefore I am) Adam Smith (Wealth of Nations), believed in laissez-faire which meant the state (govt) should not regulate the economy Baron de Montesquieu- believed in separation of government powers, and system of checks and balances.

Smith, Montesquieu

World History Jean Jacques Rousseau- Social Contract- individuals give up their own self-interest for the common good.

Statement 1 Our country needs a ruler with absolute power. Too much time is wasted by our government arguing about laws and how to enforce them. One person making all the decisions would be better.

Statement 2 The government should not regulate the economy. Taxes should only be used to 1) protect from foreign invasion; 2) protect the rights of citizens and ; 3) Build roads. If people get sick or lose their job they need to solve their own problems, it is not the job of the government.

Statement 3 Public safety is more important than anything these days. Citizens should be fine with the government monitoring their behavior by listening to their phone conversations, facebook/instagram posts, and being under video surveillance. If citizens do not have anything to hide, why should it matter?