Bell Ringer Why do we need to breathe? Why do we breathe more when exercising?

Cellular respiration Cellular Respiration Two types The process the body goes through to get ____________ out of the ________ we eat. All living things perform some type of cellular respiration!!! Cellular Respiration If oxygen is NOT available If oxygen is available Two types

Aerobic Respiration – releasing energy using oxygen Where does cellular respiration happen? 2. What are the reactants? 3. What are the products What is made that we use? 5. Does aerobic cellular respiration happen in plants, animals or both? Overall equation Identify each of the following as a requirement or an end product of cellular respiration. _______________________ Water (H2O) _______________________ Carbon Dioxide (CO2) _______________________ Glucose (C6H12O6) _______________________ Oxygen (O2) _______________________ Chemical Energy (ATP)

Glycolysis splits glucose in two. Aerobic respiration happens in 3 stages: 1. _____________ (no oxygen needed) 2. ______________ (oxygen needed) 3. _________________ (oxygen needed) Where? Stage 1 – Glycolysis glyco lysis glucose splitting 1 glucose Chemical reaction Glycolysis splits glucose in two. ___ ATP made (4 made but 2 used) AND electrons and H+ sent to step 3 on NADH 2 pyruvic acid

Stage 2 – ______________ This only happens when oxygen is present The pyruvic acid made in glycolysis (stage1) still contains a lot of ________ In the Krebs cycle, pyruvic acid is broken down to release more energy ___________________ is given off as “waste” Sends ____ and ____________________ to stage 3 (NADH and FADH2)

__________________ (we breathe out) Stage 2 – Kreb cycle pyruvic acid Chemical reaction ___ATP made __________________ (we breathe out) ____________ & __________ (go to ETC carrying H+ and excited electrons)

Stage 3 – _______________ (ETC) This only happens when oxygen is present ___ and _________ __________ (on FADH2 and NADH) were “created” in the Krebs Cycle (stage 2) go to the electron transport chain. In the electron transport chain, these excited electrons are used to make ___ ATP. At the end of it all…these electrons are “caught” by the ____________ you breathe in. This causes oxygen to become water

Aerobic Respiration (with oxygen) STAGES 1 2 3 36% efficiency!! 

So all we eat is Glucose? NO!

Anaerobic Respiration (in animals) anaerobic = in the absence of __________

In _____________ oxygen conditions or during heavy exercise, when not enough _________ can be supplied, muscle cells swap to anaerobic respiration (also called fermentation)

glucose glycolysis still happens as it does not require oxygen Anaerobic Respiration glucose glycolysis still happens as it does not require oxygen 2 ADP + 2 P 2 ATP pyruvic acid _______ ______ _________

Cellular Respiration Aerobic vs. Anaerobic respiration Is oxygen used? Is glucose a requirement (substrate)? Amount of energy released Does it produce lactic acid? (makes you sore!) Produces alcohol and carbon dioxide (bread and wine) Where in the cell does it happen? Does it happen in animals? Does is happen in plants?

Two types of anaerobic respiration Lactic-Acid Fermentation Alcohol Fermentation Does it use oxygen? Is glucose a requirement (substrate)? What organisms do it? Where in the cell does this happen? What does it make (give off) Characteristics or uses of product