Converging Cultures in the New World Ch. 1

The New World: A Review Where did civilization begin? What is the New World? How did the first people arrive in the New World? Who were the first people to arrive in the New World? See p. 18 *Popcorn*

Migration to America Ice Ages Nomads Land Bridge- the first people are believed to have traveled on foot across a land bridge crossing the Bering Strait connecting Siberia and Alaska Agricultural/Farming Revolution- when the world shifted from hunting/gathering to farming; ended much of the nomadic way of life

North American Cultures Central America- corn, beans, mounds, large block structures, ceremonial SW America- ^^^ Pacific Coast- fished, canoes, masks, totem poles, hunted Great Plains- horses, buffalo, tepees, warriors Far North- harpoon, kayak, dogsleds, seals, walruses, whales, polar bears, caribou, snow goggles, snow boots Eastern Woodlands NE- New England, slash and burn, longhouses & wigwams SE- Us!; towns, women farmed, men hunted, Choctaw, Creek, Cherokee, Natchez All of them lived off the land using what they had; based on climate

African Cultures Islam- major influence West African kingdoms Ghana Mali Songhai Trade- West Coast Gold Sugar Slaves

European Society Roman Empire- huge, dominant Feudalism- pol system based on bonds of loyalty bt lords & vassals Manorialism- ec ties bt nobles & peasants Catholic Church- promoted stability & order; had its own laws about society Renaissance- period of rebirth in art & learning Reformation- Christianity was reformed Portuguese Exploration Prince Henry the Navigator Inspired others such as Bartolomeu Dias- Cape of Good Hope at S tip of Africa Vasco da Gama- found route to eastern Asia via sailing around African and going to India

New World Discovery and Settlement Vikings- actually discovered America not well-equipped to deal with Natives Led by Leif Ericsson Columbus- did not actually discover America, or first; savage- literally ^^^ voyages- continued going for gold & other riches Spanish exploration Juan Ponce de Leon- Florida Vasco de Balboa- first European to reach Pacific Coast Ferdinand Magellan- sailed around S tip of SA; first to circumnavigate the world Columbian Exchange- trading of goods bt the New World & Europe