Standard Measurement When measuring, it is sometimes necessary to change from one unit into another. Unit refers to what you are measuring. FOR EXAMPLE… Miles / yards / feet / inches = units of distance Tons / pounds / ounces = units of weight Gallon / quarts / pints / cups = units of amount

Standard Measurement CONVERSION. When changing from one unit to another, you have to do a process called… CONVERSION. Conversion means using conversion factors, or equalities, to multiply and divide our originally measured units and turn them into different units.

Standard Measurement An equality is any two amounts (and units) that appear different, but are actually the same value. For example… 1 foot = 12 inches 1 ≠ 12 Feet ≠ inches 1 foot does equal 12 inches.

Standard Measurement Other examples of conversion factors (equalities) would also be… 1 year = 365 days (or 1 year = 12 months) 1 chess board = 64 squares 206 bones = 1 human body 2 pair of Aces = Four of a kind

Standard Measurement ? 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) Let’s say our problem is… “How many dishes of ice cream we can make from 4 gallons, if each dish is one cup?”

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 1) First, make a copy of this chart, making sure to shade the lower, left-hand space as shown…

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 2) Put the known quantity from your problem in the upper, left-hand space, as follows… 4 gal

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 3) Choose an equality that contains the units you already know. 1 gal = 4 qt 4 gal

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 3) Place half the equality in the bottom box and the other half in the top box. HINT: the half on the bottom should be the half that has the same units as the known amount. 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 4) Cross out the units that are similar on the top and bottom, as follows… 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal

NO Standard Measurement ? In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 5) Now check – is the remaining uncrossed unit the unit we are looking for? NO 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? If the answer is “YES”… - we go to step #6 If the answer is “NO”… - we go back to step #3 - we add another conversion factor

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 3) Put the correct equality in the next set of boxes to the right. It should also contain the same units as those remaining, and they should be placed in the bottom box again. 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal 2 pt 1 qt

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 4) Cross out the units that are similar on the top and bottom, as follows… 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal 2 pt 1 qt

NO Standard Measurement ? In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 5) Now check – is the remaining uncrossed unit the unit we are looking for? NO 2 pt 1 qt 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? Step 3 / 4 / 5 again! Put a new equality, and then cross out the units that are similar on the top and bottom… 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal 2 pt 1 qt 2 c 1 pt

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? FINALLY! The units we were looking for are in the top row! 2 c 1 pt 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal 2 pt 1 qt

4 x 4 x 2 x 2 = 64 Standard Measurement ? In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 6a) First, multiply all the numbers on the top row: 4 x 4 x 2 x 2 = 64 2 c 1 pt 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal 2 pt 1 qt

1 x 1 x 1 = 1 Standard Measurement ? In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 6b) Then, multiply all the numbers on the bottom row: 1 x 1 x 1 = 1 2 c 1 pt 4 gal 4 qt 1 gal 2 pt 1 qt

= 64 64 1 Standard Measurement ? In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 6c) Now, divide the top row’s product by the bottom row’s product: 64 = 64 1

There are 64 one cup servings in 4 gallons. Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 4 gallons (gal) = ___ cups (c) ? 6c) Don’t forget to put the new, correct units! There are 64 one cup servings in 4 gallons. 64 1 = cups

Standard Measurement In order to convert (change) one unit to another, you need to do the following steps… 6 .. 3 7 5 8 51 000 6d) If necessary, round your answer to the nearest HUNDREDTHS 48 3 24 51 8 6 6.38 56 for example… rounded = 4 40