Kingdom Fungi

Characteristics Eukaryotic Heterotrophic Saprophytic – dead Parasitic - living Decomposers Mostly multicellular Multinucleated

Check for Understanding 1. What is a eukaryote? 2. What is a heterotroph? 3. What does decompose mean?

Hyphae – individual threadlike filaments that make-up the body of a fungus Mycelium – mass of interconnected hyphae

Check for Understanding 4. What is an individual thread of a fungus? 5. What is a clump of those threads called?

Reproduce sexually and asexually. Reproduction Reproduce sexually and asexually. Classified by the type of reproductive structure.

Lichen – an organisms that consists of both fungus and algae (important because this is 2 Kingdoms)

Check for Understanding 6. Why are Lichen so unique?

Importance of Fungi Food (baking, brewing, eating) Recycle nutrients Medicines Cause disease

Check for Understanding 7. Name one way that fungi are important.

Protists The world of Protists: Animal-like Protists Plant-like Protists Fungus-like Protists

Protist Diversity 200,000 species come in different shapes, sizes, and colors All are eukaryotes – have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Check for Understanding 8. What is the one characteristic that all protists have in common?

Protozoans – Animal-Like Unicellular – made up of one cell Heterotrophs – they eat other organisms or dead organic matter Classified by how they move

Amoebas Flagellates Ciliates Sporazoans Phyla of Protozoans Amoebas Flagellates Ciliates Sporazoans

Amoebas: the blobs No cell wall Move using pseudopods – plasma extensions Engulf bits of food by flowing around and over them

Flagellates: the motorboats Use a whip-like extension called a flagella to move Some cause diseases

Trichomonas vaginalis: an STD

Check for Understanding 9. How does an Amoeba move? 10. How does a Flagellate move?

Ciliates: the hairy ones Move beating tiny hairs called cilia

Sporazoans: the parasite Non-motile - Do not move Live inside a host One type causes malaria

Malaria in red blood cells

Check for Understanding 11. How does a Ciliate move? 12. How does a sporozoan move?

Algae: Plant-Like Protists Multicellular – made of more than one cell Photosynthetic – make their own food No roots, stems, or leaves Each has chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments

Euglenoids Diatoms Dinoflagellates Red, Brown, & Green Algae Phyla of Algae Euglenoids Diatoms Dinoflagellates Red, Brown, & Green Algae

Euglenoids: The Survivors Aquatic Move around like animals Can ingest food from surroundings when light is not available

Check for Understanding 13. Why is a Euglenoid called a survivor? 14. Why would this feature be beneficial?

Diatoms: The Golden Ones Have shells made of silica (glass) Photosynthetic pigment called carotenoids – give them a golden color

Dinoflagellates: The Spinning Ones Spin around using two flagella Responsible for Red Tides Create toxins that can kill animals and sometimes people

Red Algae: The…uh…Red Ones (duh) Seaweeds Multicellular, marine organisms Have red and blue pigments

Brown Algae: The Brown Ones (You think?) They have air bladders to help them float at the surface – where the light is.

Green Algae: Yeah, You Guessed it, The Green Ones Most live in fresh water Can be unicellular or multicellular Live alone or in groups called colonies

Check for Understanding 15. How many colors of algae did we just learn about? 16. Why are plant-like protists considerd to be Plant-like?

Fungus-like Protists

Characteristics in Common All form delicate, netlike structures on the surface of their food source Obtain energy by decomposing organic material

Check for Understanding 17. Why is a fungus like protist considered to be fungus-like?

Plankton General term for tiny free-floating organisms that live in fresh and salt water.

Importance Food source Oxygen producers

Check for Understanding 18. Why are plankton important? 19. What is the main characteristic that all protists have in common?