Ardrossan Academy Dead Earth Subtopic – Plant Cells

State the parts of a plant cell and their functions Lesson Title: Plant Cells Learning Intention:. State the parts of a plant cell and their functions Activity: I will be successful if I can : Label a diagram of a plant cell

Rationale: We will require plants/crops to survive on our new planet. What structures are present in a plant cell and how do they contribute to its function? What will conditions for photosynthesis be like? Can we take agricultural chemicals with us? What will be their impact on our food supply?  

Cells are the ‘building blocks’ of life. Looking at Cells Cells are the ‘building blocks’ of life. There are many characteristics which set living organisms apart from non-living things but the feature that belongs exclusively to living organisms is the fact that they are all composed of cells.

Cell Size and Scale http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/scale/

Nucleus vacuole cytoplasm Cell membrane Cell wall chloroplast

Animal Cells Cell Membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm

Plant cell structures Cell wall Cell membrane Cytoplasm vacuole Nucleus Chloroplast

Summary Animal Cells Plant Cells nucleus nucleus cytoplasm cytoplasm cell membrane cell membrane cell wall vacuole chloroplasts

Function of components

The Nucleus Controls the cell’s activities

The Cytoplasm All the chemical reactions happen here It is a jelly like material cytoplasm

The Cell Membrane The cell membrane controls which substances may enter and leave the cell. Cell membrane Oxygen and food move into the cell. Carbon dioxide moves and other wastes move out of the cell.

Plant Cells Plants, as you know, don't have a skeleton to form a rigid framework and so they need some other means of structural support.

The Cell Wall This is an extra, strong, rigid structure on the outside of the membrane It contains holes so it is permeable Gives the plant a definite shape + support

The Vacuole The vacuole contains cell sap ( a solution of sugars and salts). And what does it do? Well, when there is plenty of water about, the roots will absorb as much as they can and the water is passed on to all cells - collecting in the vacuoles. Swollen vacuoles push out against the walls (which cannot stretch) and so the cells become very firm or rigid.

Chloroplasts Trap light for photosynthesis. Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called chlorophyll.

Elodea Leaf Cell wall Vacuole Chloroplasts

Cell membrane – controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell Cytoplasm – most chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes Vacuole – filled with cell sap to help keep cell turgid (enlarged and swollen with fluid) Nucleus – contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell Chloroplasts – contain chlorophyll which absorbs lights energy for? 2. 1. Cell wall - strengthens the cell

BOTH BOTH BOTH Filled with cell sap Part Function Plant /animals Nucleus Cell membrane Cytoplasm Cell wall Vacuole Chloroplast Gives plant cells a rigid shape BOTH NOTE!! These are not in the correct order BOTH Filled with cell sap Contains the green pigment chlorophyll that traps light for photosynthesis BOTH Controls all cell activities (the brain of the cell) Plant cells only Controls what can enter and leave the cell Plant cells only Plant cells only Where all the chemical reactions take place

BOTH BOTH BOTH Filled with cell sap Part Function Plant /animals Nucleus Cell membrane Cytoplasm Cell wall Vacuole Chloroplast Controls all cell activities BOTH Controls what can enter and leave the cell BOTH Where all the chemical reactions take place BOTH Gives plant cells a rigid shape and support. Plant cells only Filled with cell sap Plant cells only Contains the green pigment chlorophyll that traps light for photosynthesis Plant cells only

We use dyes called stains in biology. Why do we use Stains when preparing slides? This is because some of the cells structures are not clear and can be shown more clearly when a stain has been added. Iodine: Stains the nuclei in plants and animal cells brown or blue-black.

Prepare and examine living tissue under the microscope Experiment: Staining of Cells Now, over to you….. Prepare and examine living tissue under the microscope Carry out onion staining expt.

Using a Microscope Your teacher will show you how to correctly set up a microscope. Prepare an onion cell

Stain - Iodine solution