Chapter 12 Solutions 12.2 Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes Learning Goal Identify solutes as electrolytes or nonelectrolytes. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Solutes, Electrolyte or Nonelectrolyte When electrolytes dissolve in water, they completely dissociate (break up) into ions, forming a solution that conducts electricity. When electrolytes dissolve in water, they do not dissociate into ions, but break up into molecules, forming a solution that does not conduct electricity. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Solutes, Strong Electrolytes In water, strong electrolytes completely dissociate produce ions conduct an electric current Examples: 100% ions NaCl(s) Na+(aq) + Cl− (aq) CaBr2(s) Ca2+(aq) + 2Br−(aq) H2O H2O A strong electrolyte in an aqueous solution completely dissociates into ions.

Solutes, Strong Electrolytes In water, weak electrolytes dissolve mostly as molecules produce a few ions conduct a weak current Examples: HF(g) + H2O H3O+(aq) + F−(aq) NH3(g) NH4+(aq) + OH−(aq) A weak electrolyte forms mostly molecules and a few ions in an aqueous solution.

Solutes, Nonelectrolytes In water, nonelectrolytes dissolve as molecules do not produce ions do not conduct a current Example: C12H22O11(s) C12H22O11(aq) H2O A weak electrolyte forms mostly molecules and a few ions in an aqueous solution.

Solutes in Solution

Complete the equation for each of the strong electrolytes. Learning Check Complete the equation for each of the strong electrolytes. A. CaCl2 (s) 1) Ca2+(aq) + Cl2−(aq) 2) Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl−(aq) B. K3PO4 (s) 1) 3K+(aq) + PO43−(aq) 2) K3+(aq) + P3−(aq) + O4−(aq) H2O H2O

Complete the equation for each of the strong electrolytes. Solution Complete the equation for each of the strong electrolytes. A. CaCl2 (s) 2) Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl−(aq) B. K3PO4 (s) 1) 3K+(aq) + PO43−(aq) H2O H2O