Chapter 5 Section 4 Ivan the Terrible In 1533, Ivan the Terrible becomes king of Russia Struggles for power with boyars—landowning nobles Seizes power and is crowned czar, meaning “caesar” Rule by Terror In 1560, Ivan turns against boyars, kills them, seizes lands

Peter the Great Comes to Power The Rise of Peter Peter the Great becomes czar in 1696, begins to reform Russia, but king buys loyalty 3 Russia Contrasts with Europe Land of boyars and serfs Cut off geographically from Europe Culturally isolated, little contact with western Europe Peter Visits the West In 1697, Peter visits western Europe to learn European ways

Goal of westernization—using western Europe as model for change Peter’s Goal Goal of westernization—using western Europe as model for change t king buys loyalty 3 Peter’s Reforms Reduces power of great landowners Modernizes army by having European officers train soldiers

Period 2,5,6, & 7 We will examine the reigns of Ivan the Terrible and Peter the Great Warm Up: An informed opinion Finish Chapter 5 Section 4 Notes Chapter 5 Section 5 Reading Trial of Charles I

Informed opinion

The specific rule pertaining to the national anthem is found on pages A62-63 of the NFL League Rulebook. It states: ‘The National Anthem must be played prior to every NFL game, and all players must be on the sideline for the National Anthem. During the National Anthem, players on the field and bench area should stand at attention, face the flag, hold helmets in their left hand, and refrain from talking. The home team should ensure that the American flag is in good condition … It should be pointed out to players and coaches that we continue to be judged by the public in this area of respect for the flag and our country. Failure to be on the field by the start of the National Anthem may result in discipline, such as fines, suspensions, and/or the forfeiture of draft choice(s) for violations of the above, including first offenses.’

Throughout the period on game-day that a player is visible to the stadium and television audience (including in pregame warm-ups, in the bench area, and during postgame interviews in the locker room or on the field), players are prohibited from wearing, displaying, or otherwise conveying personal messages either in writing or illustration, unless such message has been approved in advance by the League office.

“Players are encouraged but not required to stand during the playing of the National Anthem.” NFL 2016 Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

Starts Russia’s first newspaper Raises women’s status Westernizing Russia Introduces potatoes Starts Russia’s first newspaper Raises women’s status Adopts Western fashion Forces Nobles to cut off beards Advances education 3

Establishing St. Petersburg Peter wants a seaport that will make travel to West easier Fights Sweden to win port on Baltic Sea In 1703, begins building new capital called St. Petersburg Building city takes many years; many serfs die in process By the time of Peter’s death, Russia is a power to be reckoned with in Europe 3

Wrap Up How did Peter the Great modernize Russia?