Industrialization and Imperialism Test Review KEY Check your answers as we go over your Test Review. CCA on Friday-Feb.17th

1. Define: Industrial Revolution the great increase in production due to use of machines that began in England in the 18th Century.

2. How did the agricultural revolution contribute to the industrial revolution? More food = more people

3. Why were coal and iron important to the industrial revolution? They were used to fuel and build steam engines and factories. New sources of energy.

Increased trade = more money and resources and economic activity. 4. How would harbors and port cities contribute to the start of the industrial revolution? Increased trade = more money and resources and economic activity.

More goods were produced at lower prices 5. What effect did machines have on both the quantity of goods produced and prices? More goods were produced at lower prices

6. In what industry did the industrial revolution first start 6. In what industry did the industrial revolution first start? (HINT: Cotton was the natural resource needed to produce it and it’s another word for cloth.) Textiles

Steam Engine & James Watt 7. What invention was vital to both trains and steamboats? Who invented it? Steam Engine & James Watt

8. What made traveling up river much easier than before? Steam Engine/ Steam Boat

9. The growth of cities is called ___________________. Urbanization

10. New inventions and machines caused industrial production to _______________.

11. Why did people leave the countryside and move to the cities? To get jobs in factories and make money

Because their families needed the money. 12. Why were children made to work in factories instead of going to school? Because their families needed the money.

13.List another names for the economic system called capitalism. Free Enterprise System or Market Economy

Communism or Socialism 14. List another names for the economic system called command economy. Communism or Socialism

Capitalism, Market, or Free-Enterprise 15. What type of economic system is characterized by individual ownership of business and a great deal of individual freedom? Capitalism, Market, or Free-Enterprise

Command, Communism, or Socialism 16. What type of economic system is characterized by government ownership of the factors of production (ex. farms and factories)? Command, Communism, or Socialism

17. The industrial revolution led to (circle one): increased or decreased productivity.

18. The industrial revolution saw fewer products made by hand and more made by _____________________.

19.Before the industrial revolution most goods were made at home or in cottage industries by craftsmen. After the industrial revolution most goods were made in _________________ by ____________________.

20. Banks and wealthy investors contributed to the industrial revolution by making _____________________ to help start factories. loans

21. What was the importance of William Wilberforce? He helped abolish slavery in Great Britain

22. What did Louis Pasteur discover, changing modern medicine? GERMS! Microbes that cause disease.

Control by a strong nation over a weaker nation 23. Define imperialism: Control by a strong nation over a weaker nation

Industries needed _______ materials for factories and new ____________ to sell their products to. European countries sought natural resources in _________ and ____________. European countries dominate the political, __________, and cultural life of Asians and Africans and become more _____________. Some countries like _____________ learn from Europe and the U.S., industrialize very quickly, and become imperial powers. RAW MARKETS ASIA AFRICA JAPAN ECONOMIC POWERFUL

25. What did Christian missionaries do in Africa and Asia? Converted people to Christianity.

26. Define: Sphere of Influence – An area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges. Ex. The United States claimed the Western Hemisphere under the Monroe Doctrine.

27. What did colonies do for their mother country (the country that controlled them)? Provided raw materials for factories and markets for manufactured goods

Shortened travel and shipping times which also lowered prices. 28. What did canals do that helped both industrialization and imperialism? Shortened travel and shipping times which also lowered prices.

29. Define: Social Darwinism – A racist idea that European society was superior to non-whites societies.

30 What did Great Britain find in India and sell to the Chinese but not people in Britain? Opium

31.What war did that lead to between China and Britain? The Opium War

32. Why were the British able to defeat China in the Opium War so easily? British had superior naval technology and weapons.

33.List one positive effect of imperialism on Asia and one negative effect. Europeans introduced new technologies to Africa and Asia (Positive)

Imperialism (negative effects) People in Africa and Asia were treated as inferior (Racism) Africa was divided (scrambled) ignoring tribal, ethnic and cultural boundaries.

34. As European countries made more money through imperialism they increased the size of their _____________________ in to order to become stronger and show their power.

35. Define: Plunder – To take the goods of by force Ex. “They plundered the town when they invaded.”

36. What was the purpose of Commodore Perry’s visit to Japan? To convince Japan to open up to foreign trade (especially with the United States).

37. What was the impact of Commodore Perry’s visit on Japan’s economy over the following decades? Japan industrialized rapidly.

38. Why did Japan want to become imperialists? They had few natural resources of their own and wanted to obtain them from nearby areas.

39.What was the “White Man’s Burden” The belief that white Europeans had a duty to bring western civilization to native populations in Africa/Asia.

40. What economic system did Karl Marx oppose? Market/Capitalism/Free Market

41. If not private individuals, who did Marx think should own all property such as farms, factories, stores, etc.? The government.

42. What did Adam Smith mean when he used the term “laissez-faire?” That the government should allow businesses to operate with little or no government interference/regulation.

43. What type of economy did Adam Smith favor? Capitalism/market Economy

Developments in travel, telecommunications and other technologies has resulted in the rapid spread of western culture around the world. What is this called? Globalization