Coherent X-ray Imaging WBS 1.3 Sébastien Boutet - CXI Instrument Scientist Paul Montanez - CXI Lead Engineer July 15, 2009

CXI Goals and Physics Requirements CXI Instrument Overview Outline CXI Science CXI Goals and Physics Requirements CXI Instrument Overview WBS 1.3 Scope Early Science Instrument Scope Major Component Status Engineering/Design Status Critical Path Cost & Schedule Performance Progress since April Status Review Milestones Summary

Coherent Diffractive Imaging of Biomolecules

CXI Instrument Science Protein molecule injection To mass spectrometer X-ray diffraction pattern LCLS detector 3D biological imaging beyond the damage limit Single reproducible biomolecules that can’t be crystallized Proteins Membrane Proteins Viruses Molecular complexes Molecular machines Biomolecular structure determination from nanocrystals No need for large high quality crystals 2D imaging of irreproducible samples Live hydrated cells with particle injector Nanoparticles Quantum dots Amorphous nanoparticles High fluence X-ray-matter interactions

CXI Instrument Goals/Requirements Perform imaging of single particles at highest spatial resolution achievable using single LCLS pulses Image biological nanoparticles beyond the classical damage limit using single LCLS pulses Global Requirements (SP-391-000-19) Tailor and characterize X-ray beam parameters Spatial Profile Intensity Repetition rate Deliver the sample to the beam and control its environment Key Performance Parameters 4-20 keV energy range Using the fundamental and third harmonic Energy Bandwidth Set by LCLS beam Particle Injector 50-500 nm size range

CXI Instrument Location Near Experimental Hall AMO SXR X-ray Transport Tunnel XPP CXI Endstation XCS Source to Sample distance : ~ 440 m MEC Far Experimental Hall

Far Experimental Hall CXI Control Room Coherent X-ray Imaging Lab Area XCS Control Room Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy Instrument Coherent X-ray Imaging Instrument

CXI Instrument Overview Guard Slits Requirement Device Remove X-ray beam halo X-ray Guard Slits Tailor X-ray intensity Attenuators Tailor X-ray repetition rate Pulse Picker Characterize X-ray pulse intensity Intensity Monitor Characterize X-ray spatial profile Profile Monitor Characterize X-ray focus Wavefront Monitor Tailor focal spot size to the sample X-ray Focusing Lenses Align experiment without X-ray beam Reference Laser Maximize X-ray flux on sample 1 micron Kirkpatrick-Baez Mirrors 0.1 micron Kirkpatrick-Baez Mirrors Minimize air scatter and background Position sample and final apertures Sample environment Position sample environment Instrument Stand Deliver particles to the X-ray beam in Particle Injector Measure X-ray scattering pattern 2D X-ray Detector (Utilizing the LCLS Detector) Position X-ray area detector Detector Stage Analysis of sample fragments after Coulomb explosion Ion Time-of-Flight Diagnostics XRT Photon Shutter Attenuators Pulse Picker Focusing Lenses Reference Laser Guard Slits Diagnostics Guard Slits 1 µm KB Mirrors Diagnostics Guard Slits 0.1 µm KB Mirrors 0.1 µm Sample Environment Particle Injector Ion TOF-MS FEH Hutch 5 Detector Stage Guard Slits Diagnostics 1 µm Sample Environment Particle Injector Ion TOF-MS Detector Stage Wavefront Monitor Beam Dump

WBS 1.3 – Early Science/CD-4 Deliverables Early Science: Installation Early Finish – June 2011 CD-4: Installation Early Finish – August 2011

CXI Instrument CXI Early Science CXI Engineering/Design staff Diagnostics/Common Optics Reference Laser Diagnostics & Wavefront Monitor 1 micron Sample Environment 1 micron KB CXI Engineering/Design staff Armin Busse, Kay Fox, Paul Montanez, William Olson, Michael Ramos, Donald Schafer, Nathaniel Stewart

CXI Instrument CXI CD-4 CXI Engineering/Design staff Diagnostics/Common Optics Reference Laser Diagnostics & Wavefront Monitor 1 micron Sample Environment 0.1 micron KB & Sample Environment, Particle Injector and IToF 1 micron KB CXI Engineering/Design staff Armin Busse, Kay Fox, Paul Montanez, William Olson, Michael Ramos, Donald Schafer, Nathaniel Stewart

Diagnostics and Common Optics Guard Slits Diagnostics XRT Photon Shutter Attenuators Pulse Picker Focusing Lenses Reference Laser Guard Slits Diagnostics Guard Slits 1 µm KB Mirrors Diagnostics Guard Slits Requirement Device Remove X-ray beam halo X-ray Guard Slits Tailor X-ray intensity Attenuators Tailor X-ray repetition rate Pulse Picker Characterize X-ray pulse intensity Intensity Monitor Characterize X-ray spatial profile Profile Monitor Characterize X-ray focus Wavefront Monitor Tailor focal spot size to the sample X-ray Focusing Lenses 0.1 µm KB Mirrors 0.1 µm Sample Environment Particle Injector Ion TOF-MS FEH Hutch 5 Detector Stage Guard Slits Diagnostics 1 µm Sample Environment Particle Injector Ion TOF-MS Detector Stage Wavefront Monitor Beam Dump DCO Details will be Discussed in the breakout

CXI Reference Laser (WBS 1.3.03.1) XRT Vacuum chamber cover/laser cover removed/sectioned for clarity Purpose Rough alignment of the experiment without the X-ray beam Engineering/Design Status PRD & ESD released PDR completed March 2009 FDR scheduled for July 17 2009 Use mechanical designs for the vacuum chamber and 6-DOF alignment stage that have previously sustained reviews Leveraging existing designs (when applicable) reduces our overall engineering/design effort. Additionally, helps to ensure commonality within the LUSI instruments Budget at Completion (BAC) ≈ $126K FEH Hutch 5

CXI 1µm KB system (WBS 1.3.02.02) Purpose Engineering/Design Status XRT Purpose Produce a 1 µm focus Focal lengths 8.2 m for M1 7.8 m for M2 Engineering/Design Status PRD, ESD & SOWs released Prime vendor to provide complete and integrated KB system, including: Figured & Polished Substrates (subcontractor) Mirror Mechanics/Manipulators Vacuum chamber and support stand MOU for independent metrology/coating of the substrates Negotiating with LLNL based on prior experience with LCLS OMS mirrors Procurement Activities Recommended a vendor to the Source Selection Official on April 27th Awarded to Bruker Advanced Supercon with JTEC mirrors on July 2 2009 Delivery November 2010 Budget at Completion (BAC) ≈ $1,280K ($925,000 in long lead procurement) FEH Hutch 5

Particle Injector (WBS 1.3.04.01) Purpose Deliver support-free single particles to the LCLS beam Engineering/Design Status PRD & ESD released Existing Injector design from LLNL CXI is advancing the current design Optimization of particle beam throughput Remote operation of equipment SLAC/LLNL Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) signed-off February 2009 $500K over 4 fiscal years BAC ≈ $1,470K XRT FEH Hutch 5

CXI 1µm Sample Environment (WBS 1.3.05.01.01) Purpose Position samples on grids and apertures Maintain high vacuum Compatible with 1 µm focus and unfocused beam Engineering/Design Status PRD & ESD released PDR completed March 2009 FDR “Early Finish” scheduled for November 2009 Plan to accelerate FDR to August 2009 Planning requisition created for the in-vacuum stages BAC ≈ $620K XRT FEH Hutch 5

CXI 1 µm Precision Instrument Stand (WBS 1.3.05.01.02) XRT Purpose Support /Interface with 1µm Sample Chamber and Detector Stage (in all experimental configurations) Engineering/Design Status PRD & ESD released PDR completed May 15, 2009 FDR “Early Finish” scheduled for September 2009 Plan to accelerate FDR to August 2009 BAC ≈ $240K FEH Hutch 5

Detector Stage (WBS 1.3.05.01.03) Purpose Center the detector hole on the direct beam Position the detector at the appropriate distance from the interaction region Detector not in CXI LUSI scope Part of LCLS Project scope CXI team has weekly interface meeting with LCLS detector group Engineering/Design Status PRD, ESD, SOWs & ICDs released Purchase order placed in March 2009 with a local design firm for the mechanical design and drafting of the CXI Detector Stage – CXI was resource limited Move design forward in the schedule Vendor design reviews PDR completed May 15, 2009FDR “Early Finish” scheduled for January 2010 Plan to accelerate FDR to August 2009 BAC ≈ $330K XRT FEH Hutch 5 Cornell/SLAC detector with variable aperture

CXI 1 micron Sample Environment Particle injector Detector Stage (upstream position) LCLS Beam Sample Chamber Precision Instrument Stand Detector Stage (back position)

CXI 0.1µm Sample Environment (WBS 1.3.05.01.01) CXI 0.1 µm KB Mirrors/Sample Environment & Stand (WBS 1.3.02.01, 1.3.05.01.02 and 1.3.05.01.01) XRT CXI 0.1µm KB system (WBS 1.3.02.01) Purpose Produce a 0.1 µm focus Focal lengths 0.9 m for M1 0.5 m for M2 Identical to 1 micron KB System in every way except for the mirror curvature CXI 0.1µm Sample Environment (WBS 1.3.05.01.01) Provide the sample environment Extend vacuum enclosure by ~600 mm for sample area CXI 0.1µm Precision Instrument Stand (WBS 1.3.05.01.02) Support the KB System and the Sample Chamber Engineering/Design Status 0.1µm System PRD, ESD & SOWs released Procurement included as an “option” for the CXI 1µm KB contract Option to be exercised upon CD-3 approval BAC ≈ $1,180K FEH Hutch 5

CXI Critical Path KB Mirror AWARD & Vendor Design KB Mirror Design/Fabrication Effort Post Vendor Effort and Installation Critical path (thru 1µm KB System) has -17days of schedule contingency KB Mirror Installation Effort

Progress Since April Status Review Design Reviews Preliminary Design Reviews completed CXI Detector Stage & 1µm Precision Instrument Stand – May 2009 CXI Final Instrument Design Review June 3 2009 Advanced the design of 4 key CXI components to support a FDR in August 2009 Purchase Requisition for In-vacuum stages for Sample Chamber Planning req to be awarded after CD-3 All documentation completed & released PRDs, ESDs, SOWs, ICDs, etc. 1µm Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror system Vendor selected by Technical Committee April 27 2009 Awarded July 2 2009 Ready to act on option for 0.1 µm KB after CD-3 Option set to expire on August 31st Key project Milestones Preliminary Instrument Design Review Dec 2007 CD-2 July 2008 Advanced Procurement Review October 2008 Final Instrument Design Review June 2009 Ready for Early Science June 2011 Ready for CD-4 August 2011

Cost & Schedule Performance

Summary The CXI instrument is versatile: X-ray optics can tailor FEL parameters for users Sample environment can accommodate multiple experimental configurations CXI designs are mature and concepts are based on proven developments made at FLASH and SR sources The design risks are low Risks are identified and monitored in the risk registry Most major risks associated with the KB mirror systems have been retired Remaining KB risks will be addressed during design/manufacture and testing Final Instrument Design Review completed on June 3 2009 Replanning of LUSI WBS 1.3 (CXI) due to ARRA funding is completed CXI schedule is being accelerated Advancement of the complete instrument and readiness for CD-4 User operation start planned for 2011 Design is mature and CXI is ready for CD-3