Adolescence- the period between the normal onset of puberty and the beginning of adulthood. Usually about age 12 to 19. Puberty- physical maturing that makes an individual capable of sexual reproduction. Introduction

Existence of Adolescence Didn’t exist before the Civil War. Not Universal.

Section 1: Adolescence in Our Society How Adolescence Developed as a Stage of the Life Cycle- Erik Erikson's Stages of Development Through Education – children stay in school longer; extended period of dependence Through Work – laws restricted child labor, also increasing length of dependence Through Courts – juvenile-justice system legally distinguished between youth and adults

Five General Characteristic’s of Adolescence Section 1: Adolescence in Our Society Five General Characteristic’s of Adolescence Biological Growth and Development – various biological changes such as changes in body proportions and acne- The Brain Undefined Status – adolescent expectations are often vague and adults treat adolescents differently.-some as adults and some like “kids.” Increased Decision Making – must make some of their own decisions. College, Career?

Characteristics of Adolescence Section 1: Adolescence in Our Society Characteristics of Adolescence (continued) 4. Increased Pressure – adolescents are faced with pressure from many sources-parents & peers. 5. The Search for Self – deciding what is really important . Anticipatory Socialization- learning the rights, obligations and expectations of a role to prepare for assuming the role in the future.

Section 2: Teenagers and Dating Development of Dating Industrial Revolution – people moved from the farms to the cities where young adults could gain more economic freedom and their own home. As a result, parental control over young adults and courtship decreased. Public Education – by the 1900s most secondary school students attended coeducational public schools which increased interaction between boys and girls

Development of Dating Automobile – young adults had more freedom of movement away from parents Telephone – young adults could more easily talk to members of the opposite sex Equality of Women – more women entered the workforce and took on more active community roles which increased the interaction between single adult men and women Homogamy- tendency to marry people of the same social characteristics.

Section 2: Teenagers and Dating Functions of Dating Serves as a form of entertainment Is a means of socialization that teaches people about the opposite sex Fills psychological needs such as companionship Helps individuals attain status as people are judged in part by whom they date Aids in spouse selection

Sexual Behavior Causes and Consequences of Contemporary Problems Influences Family income Parents Marital Status Religious Participation Consequence Teenage Pregnancy STDs such as syphilis or AIDS

Teen Pregnancy Lower birth rates Less likely to finish high school especially for teenage moms. Lower lifetime earnings. Children more likely to experience learning difficulties. Children have increased rate of becoming teenage parents themselves. Significant emotional stress for teenage moms.

Drug Use Influences On Drug Use Having friends who use drugs. Social and academic adjustment problems. Living in a hostile and rejecting family setting. Consequence – increase in the use of some drugs among teens; increase in drug-related violence.

Teen Challenges Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Dating Violence

Dating Violence Signs: Extreme Jealousy Controlling Behavior Explosive anger Blames others for problems or feelings Verbally abusive Threatens violence Isolates you from family and friends

Eating Disorders Bulimia- an eating disorder where people may secretly binge, eating large amounts of food and then purge. Anorexia Nervosa- an eating disorder caused by an obsessive desire to loose weight by refusing to eat.

Suicide Causes alcohol or drug use. triggering events such as a family crisis or other trials of adolescence. being female. social isolation, living in an under populated area. bad family environment. cluster effects leading to other teenage suicides-copycat, fuse that ignites self destructive behavior. Bullying-Amanda Todd South Park

Bullying 1 out of 4 teens are bullied. Up to 43% have been bullied while online. 9 out of 10 LGBT students experience harassment at school and online. As many as 160,000 students stay home on any given day because they’re afraid of being bullied. 1 out of 5 kids admits to being a bully, or doing some “Bullying.” 43% fear harassment in the bathroom at school. 282,000 students are physically attacked in secondary schools each month. 80% of the time an argument with a bully will end up in a physical fight. 1/3 of students surveyed said that they heard another student threaten to kill someone.

“Bullied”-Documentary True or False? Nearly one-third of American Teens are involved in bullying? Fewer than 10% of American teens admit to bullying others? Students who are bullied usually participate in class and have good attendance? Most students who bully are insecure? Male bullies are not usually bigger and physically stronger than their peers?

6. Witnesses often end friendships with the victim and feel guilty for not reporting the incident? 7. Bullies have trouble making friends? 8. Bullies do poorly in school compared to students who do not bully? 9. Most bullies discontinue aggressive behavior in adulthood? 10. Nine out of 10 LGBT students have been bullied?

Answers True False