Chapter 5 The Infectious Process and Environmental Control

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 5 The Infectious Process and Environmental Control ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

What Makes an Illness Communicable? Three components are required for an illness to be communicable: Pathogen Susceptible host or individual Method of transmission ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

What Makes an Illness Communicable? Pathogen Method of Transmission Susceptible Host ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

How are Illnesses Transmitted? Pathogens or organisms (e.g., viruses, parasites, bacteria, fungi) can be transmitted in several ways: Airborne Fecal-oral Direct contact Indirect contact Give an example of an illness that is transmitted by each of these methods. ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Stages of an Infectious Illness Describe what typically occurs during each of these stages: Incubation Prodromal Acute Convalescence ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Controlling Infectious Illness….. Understanding the communicable process provides the most effective means for limiting the spread of infectious illnesses. Teachers have an ethical and professional responsibility to protect the wellness of all children in a group setting. ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Infection Control Measures Ongoing teacher observations provide early clues about a child’s changing state of health. Policies should be in place and address a variety of protective measures such as exclusion guidelines, cleaning procedures, diapering procedures, food preparation, hand washing, and sanitation. ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Infection Control Measures (continued) Immunizations should be current and required for children and teachers. ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Infection Control Measures (continued) Environmental measures must be implemented and include: Universal infection control precautions for handling body fluids (e.g. blood, feces, vomited matter) and disinfection (Table 5-2) Using proper hand washing technique and washing at appropriate times (Tables 5-3) Click on link and watch the CDC’s “Hands Together” video on hand washing: http://www.cdc.gov/CDCTV/HandsTogether/index.html ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Environmental measures (continued) Cleaning and disinfecting eating and food preparation areas, bathrooms, diapering areas, toys, and equipment (Table 5-4). Arranging rooms to minimize extended periods of close contact. ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Environmental measures (continued) Maintaining comfortable room temperatures; opening doors and windows for fresh air. Taking special precautions with sandboxes, pools, and water tables. Teaching children, teachers, and families about infectious illness and effective control measures. ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Caring for Mildly Ill Children Factors to consider Is the illness highly contagious? Will other children be placed at risk? Does the child feel well enough to participate? Does the child’s illness place them at greater risk of catching something else? Can teachers meet the child’s needs as well as those of the other children in attendance? ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.