Mechanical Properties of Metals

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Mechanical Properties of Metals

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Presentation transcript:

Mechanical Properties of Metals Strength Ductility Hardness Stiffness Toughness Behavior in service: Fatigue Ductile-to-brittle transition

Strength: a standard tensile specimen

Strength: testing machines for tension and bending

Strength: a stress-strain diagram (I field – elastic deformation, II field – plastic deformation, III field – necking) Hooke’s law: σ = Е·ε. E is the modulus of elasticity, or Young’s modulus.

Strength: geometry of the deformed specimen

Strength: a stress-strain diagram of ductile and brittle metal

Typical Mechanical Properties of Several Metals and Alloys Strength: Typical values of yield strength, tensile strength, and ductility Typical Mechanical Properties of Several Metals and Alloys in an Annealed State Metal Alloy Yield Strength, MPa Tensile Strength, Ductility, %EL [in 50 mm] Aluminum 35 90 40 Copper 69 200 45 Brass (70%Cu–30%Zn) 75 300 68 Iron 130 262 Nickel 138 480 Steel (1020) 180 380 25 Titanium 450 520 Molybdenum 565 655

Hardness - Rockwell tester - Brinell tester - Vickers tester

Hardness: microhardness indentation of two grains

Toughness: impact pendulum-type testing machine

Toughness: impact test and specimens

Fatigue: fracture surface

Fatigue: reversed stress cycle

Ductile-to-brittle transition