Introduction to physical science Mr. Hodesblatt

How do scientists explore the world? Key ideas How do scientists explore the world? How are many types of science organized? How are theories different than laws?

How science takes place? investigating Build on past works Eg cathode rays Scientists have found cathodes pass through metal foil about 2cm-3cm But wont go through glass You think that if you cover glass with black paper you will be able to see it glow Plan experiments Write a detailed experiment and sketch out your process Carefully record everything State hypothesis Observe Observe results Say you observe the cathodes moving from 1m away What do you do? This was a real scenario faced by Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895 Confirm results He repeated the experiment Found that they passed through everything but very dense materials Nowadays we call them X-Rays Won a Nobel prize for his discovery

Branches of science Transparency 1 All branches work together Eg chemistry is applied physics Organic chem is applied chemistry Biology is applied organic chemisty Science and technology work together Do experiments to learn more about the world Can use technology Can develop technology to help with research

Law vs. Theory Law Theory Describes a process in nature that can be used to repeat experiments Allows predictions to be made about how a system will behave Eg mathematical formulas Does NOT explain HOW something happens Explanation of how a natural process works Must explain observations Must be able to predict results

We use science in our every day lives Computer models Used to forecast weather Eg hurricanes Math can describe real events Models can represent physical events Theories and laws are always being tested

KEY IDEAS 1. Compare the two branches of physical science. 2. Explain how science and technology depend on each other and how they differ from each other. 3. Define scientific law, and give an example. 4. Compare a scientific law and a scientific theory. 5. Explain why a scientific theory might be changed. 6. Describe how a scientific model is used, and give an example of a scientific model.

CRITICAL THINKING 7. Applying Ideas How may Roentgen’s training as a scientist have affected the way that he responded to his discovery? 8. Analyzing Ideas Explain how a scientific theory differs from a guess or an opinion. 9. Forming Hypotheses Pick a common occurrence, develop an explanation for it, and describe an experiment tha