predominant Amazon soils notoriously infertile poor nutrient capacity

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Transition Oxford/Slow Food Chris Goodall 20 th November 2008 Why do global land use patterns matter so much?

Advertisements

Biochar amendment to improve soil properties and sequester carbon

Conservation Grassland

Confronting Climate Change A DEFINITION 1. Soil Tests 3. Biochars 4. Composts 5. Inoculants 2. Mineral Ratios 6. Cover Crops 7. Rotations 8. Marketing.

Acrisol + typical Amazon soil Infertile clay Charcoal = Terra Preta ? Charcoal Biochar Acrisol Biochar Scientific Advisory Committee International Biochar.

AGRICULTURE AND RURAL LAND USE Key Issue 2. Where are agricultural regions in less developed countries? Topics Today  Shifting Cultivation  Pastoral.

“Before the white man came we never had to weed our gardens.” L ocally I ntegrated F ood & E nergy L.I.F.E. 108-year-old Chaska woman native American,

Thank You! Locally Integrated Food & Energy L.I.F.E. David Yarrow sustain and retain wealth for common good /biochar /CarbonFarming /terracharge.

Bacteria populations show sharp increase after charcoal addition Beijerinckia, Ogawa 1992 residential refuges for micro-organisms Glomalus Margarita germination.

Kevin Steinberger Internship with Princeton Environmental Institute – Working with Dr. Eric Larson and the Energy Group.

108-year-old Chuska woman “Before the white man came, we never had to weed our gardens.” native American, California PARADIGM SHIFT click to continue.

Rainforest Destruction: Causes and Effects

Office of the President of Brasil Amazon Rainforest Fact File.

DEFORESTATION Design by Joe Naumann. Unit XI. Deforestation and the role of forests in the climate system. A. History of forests Earth 4.6 byr Life>3.

Huma-Char ® and Its Benefits to Agriculture Heating Up Crop Production With an Ancient Soil Amendment Dr. Vladimir Vasilenko (Dr. Humate)- Technical Director.

The Amazon Rainforest Today’s Issues. Issues Diverse and rare plant and animal life vs. the industry of farming and timber Diverse and rare plant and.

“Before the white man came we never had to weed our gardens.” L ocally I ntegrated F ood & E nergy L.I.F.E. 108-year-old Chaska woman PARADIGM SHIFT David.

The Tropical Rain Forest How can such productive forests grow on soils of extremely low fertility? Why is biological diversity so high in the tropics?

CHAPTER 54 ECOSYSTEMS Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section E: Human Impact on Ecosystems and the Biosphere.

Don Hofstrand Agricultural Economist Co-director, Agricultural Marketing Resource Center. Iowa State University Extension President, Rural Development.

Arbuscular Mycorrhyzal Fungi produce a Glomalin glue which aggregates small soil particles Fertile Soil is “aggregated” This increases water & air holding.

(1) Tropical forests produce a lot of oxygen by photosynthesis, and if we cut down all tropical forests, we would lose that oxygen production and we (as.

BIOCHAR, To the rescue! By Amanda Schaffer.

Tropical Rain Forests Opportunties and Problems associated with their development Nekaisha Legerton.

Cooling the Planet with Biomass? 350ppm CO 2 ? Catastrophic climate change demands strong measures… Burning biomass and sequestering the carbon will.

Resource cycles in ecosystems. Cycles  Essential nutrients for living things flow through the ecosystem.  The reservoirs can be in the air, land, or.

Ecosystems and biomes Needs of living things. Objectives Student will be able to: Describe the basic needs of living organisms Define Ecosystems and Biomes.

Part of Life Part of Agriculture

Disappearing Resources Are we running out of time?

Carbon sinks are becoming more relevant - challenges for forest research and university training Veli Pohjonen Tana-Beles WME project University of Helsinki.

Human environment interaction

Amazon Rainforest Our rain forests around the world are being destroyed at a rate of 36 football fields deforested each minute.

Ecosystems Chapters 55 & 56.

Bellringer EXPLAIN IN COMPLETE SENTENCES WHAT ARE ORGANIC FARMING METHODS.

RAIN FORESTS. What is a rain forest? What is a rain forest? A forest region located in the Tropical Zone with a heavy concentration of different species.

Symposium on Soil Ecology and Restoration August 22, 2011 Basalt Powder Restores Soil Fertility and Greatly Accelerates Tree Growth on Impoverished Tropical.

The warm climate and rich soil of southern Brazil made the area produce abundant harvests. By 1990, the soil in the region had been farmed so many times,

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. MATTER CYCLING IN ECOSYSTEMS Nutrient Cycles: Global Recycling Global Cycles recycle nutrients through the earth’s air,

Biogeochemical Cycles

Liquid Fuel Depletion Tropical Agriculture Atmospheric Carbon Loading Hawaii’s Problem.

Biogeochemical Cycles. What is ecology?  The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is ecology.

Intro to Ecosystems Chapter 55. Ecosystems All abiotic factors & species.

Tana-Beles watersheds develop - monitoring past and present, challenges for tomorrow Veli Pohjonen Tana-Beles WME project Team leader Discussion in World.

Rainforest Deforestation

ECOSYSTEMS AND ENERGY FLOW CH 55 Energy flows through ecosystems while matter cycles through ecosystems.

Ecosystems and Conservation Biology Chapter 36 Part 4.

Cycles of Life Life and Death, Nutrient Cycles. Nutrient Cycles Why do the nutrients on the Earth need to be cycled? – The Earth is considered a closed.

Choose a category. You will be given the answer. You must give the correct question. Click to begin.

Amazon Forest Economic contribution. Group Members Sayek Habib Rakshanda Tabassum Anushay Sunehra Mehreen Ahmed

CYCLES QUIZ REVIEW. What are carbonates? Carbonates are rocks made of calcium or magnesium and CARBON.

Cycles of Nature. Water Cycle: Review: As we have already learned, water is constantly being cycled and recycled in an ecosystem.

“Regenerating Australia’s Soil Health ” PART 1 - Healthy Soils Why is this important, what is the science telling us & a view from on the ground Mike Grundy.

Less Water … Better Soils … Healthier Plants April 15, 2016 Anita L. Mills.

By Kyle and Lucibella Page 1. Click on play to view the video.

Less Water … Better Soils … Healthier Plants

The Influence of Human Activity on the Environment

Deforestation & CONSERVATION

FOREST BIOMES (ECOSYSTEMS)

Rainforest Destruction: Causes and Effects

Material Cycling in Ecosystems

The Influence of Human Activity on the Environment

Amazon Basin Rainforests are distinguished from other forests in that they receive an enormous amount of rain—between 100 and 400 inches each year. The.

Biodiversity & Production

HUMAN IMPACTS on ECOSYSTEMS

Cycles In Nature Matter is cycled through the environment. Now we will see how water, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycle through the environment from.

Rainforest Destruction: Causes and Effects

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work?

Presentation transcript:

predominant Amazon soils notoriously infertile poor nutrient capacity Terra Preta Confronting Soil Minerals Carbon Climate Change Mystery Soil of the Amazon “dark earth” (Portuguese) Amazon Basin, Brazil Local farmers prize Terra Preta yields three times greater than adjacent infertile tropical soils sustained fertility in intensive use dug up and sold as potting soil Oxisol predominant Amazon soils acidic notoriously infertile very low carbon poor nutrient capacity click to continue

Terra Preta Carbon Amazon Basin, Brazil Small Patches Age Soil Minerals Carbon “dark earth” (Portuguese) Amazon Basin, Brazil Small Patches average: 20 hectares (50 acres) up to 350 hectares (865 acres) near settlements & on bluffs cultural debris animal & fish bones embedded pottery sherds Age 800 - 4000 years radio-carbon dating (charcoal) recent research: 6000 years Aerial Surveys 10% of total land area able to feed 5-10 million people click to continue

Terra Preta Charcoal Carbon Amazon Basin, Brazil reduced carbon Soil Minerals Carbon Charcoal “dark earth” (Portuguese) Amazon Basin, Brazil reduced carbon High Carbon up to 9% compared with .5% in other soils sometimes over 20% two to six feet deep most carbon is charcoal High Nutrients Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) Calcium (+) Phosphorus (-) Nitrogen (+ / -) High Microbial Activity “microbial reef” Soil Food Web High diversity, high stability Nitrogen-fixing bacteria click to continue

Terra Preta Charcoal Carbon reduced carbon Soil Minerals Carbon Charcoal reduced carbon How did Amazon natives create these remarkably fertile and productive soils? How did these soils sustain their remarkable productivity for five centuries? What can we learn from these soils to sustain soil productivity today? Can this way to create these tropical soils give insights to improve temperate soils? Can this sequester carbon in soil to help reverse global warming? click to continue

Carbon Negative Climate Change Terra Preta Confronting Robert Wells suck CO2 out of Earth’s atmosphere Negative photosynthesis fixed into Carbohydrates In tropical Amazon, replacing slash & burn with slash & char can create sustainable soil fertility initiate permanent agriculture end rainforest destruction plant biomass Terra Preta pyrolysis Cape Cod beach sand heavy Amazon clay transform into positive feedback loop Biochar Any strategy to increase arable land, and improve productivity & yield on existing arable land should receive research priority. sequestered carbon Robert Wells our question is: inoculate Can this work in our “temperate” climate? Organic Farmer Orleans, Massachusetts boost soil fertility restore Soil Biology grow more click to continue

out of Earth’s atmosphere Confronting Climate Change Carbon suck CO2 out of Earth’s atmosphere Negative photosynthesis fixed into Carbohydrates plant biomass pyrolysis transform into positive feedback loop Biochar sequestered carbon our question is: inoculate Can this work in our “temperate” zone? boost soil fertility restore Soil Biology grow more click to continue