Figure 1 The node of Ranvier

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Figure 1 The node of Ranvier Figure 1 | The node of Ranvier. The figure shows the structure and key molecular components of the node of Ranvier, including those targeted by autoantibodies in autoimmune neuropathies. Adhesion molecules (NF186, NF155, NrCAM, CNTN1, CNTN2, CASPR1, CASPR2 and MAG) mediate axoglial attachment. Ion channels (Kv7.2/7.3, Kv1.1/1.2/1.4/1.6 and Nav1.6) mediate action potential propagation. Adhesion molecules and ion channels are all linked to the cytoskeleton by proteins, including ankyrins and spectrins. Gliomedin is an extracellular matrix constituent that stabilizes the structure of the nodal area. CASPR, contactin-associated protein; CNTN, contactin; Kv, voltage-gated potassium channel; MAG, myelin-associated glycoprotein; Nav, voltage-gated sodium channel; NF, neurofascin; NrCAM, neuronal cell adhesion molecule. Adapted with permission from Springer Nature © Stathopoulos, P., Alexopoulos, H. & Dalakas, M.C. Autoimmune antigenic targets at the node of Ranvier in demyelinating disorders. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 11, 143–156 (2015). Adapted with permission from Springer Nature © Stathopoulos, P., Alexopoulos, H. & Dalakas, M.C. Autoimmune antigenic targets at the node of Ranvier in demyelinating disorders. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 11, 143–156 (2015). Querol, L. et al. (2017) Autoantibodies in chronic inflammatory neuropathies: diagnostic and therapeutic implications Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.84