Chapter 9 9.4 Naming & Writing Acids.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 9 9.4 Naming & Writing Acids

9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids Acid – a compound that has one or more hydrogen atoms and produces hydrogen ions (H+) in solution The basic formula is Three rules for naming When the anion (X) does not have Oxygen in it a. The name begins with hydro b. The anion’s name ends in –ic c. And the word acid is added to the end HnX Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloric HCl Hydro Cl

9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids 2. When the anion (X) does have Oxygen and the polyatomic ion ends in -ite a. Use the name of the anion, but change the ending to –ous b. Add the word acid Sulfurous Acid H2SO3 Sulfurous

9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids 3. When the anion (X) does have Oxygen and the polyatomic ion ends in -ate a. Use the name of the anion, but change the ending to –ic b. Add the word acid Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 Sulfuric Oxygen? NO YES --ous acid Ending of Polyatomic Ion? -ite -ate Hydro—ic acid --ic acid

9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids To write the formulas, we go backwards through our list Acids always have an H+ ion Hydro means no Oxygen – so Fluoric means Fluoride H+ Hydrofluoric Acid H+ F- Hydrofluoric Acid HF Oxygen? NO YES --ous acid Ending of Polyatomic Ion? -ite -ate Hydro—ic acid --ic acid

9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids To write the formulas, we go backwards through our list Acids always have an H+ ion ous means the ion ended in ite, so phosphite H+ Phosphorous Acid H+ PO3-3 Phosphorous Acid H3PO3 Oxygen? NO YES --ous acid Ending of Polyatomic Ion? -ite -ate Hydro—ic acid --ic acid

9.4 Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids To write the formulas, we go backwards through our list Acids always have an H+ ion ic means the ion ended in ate, so phosphate H3PO4 Phosphoric Acid Oxygen? NO YES --ous acid Ending of Polyatomic Ion? -ite -ate Hydro—ic acid --ic acid

9.5 The Laws Governing Formulas and Names Chapter 9 9.5 The Laws Governing Formulas and Names

9.5 The Laws Governing Formulas and Names The Law of Definite Proportions – in any chemical compound, the masses of the elements are always in the same proportion Or (Same Ratio) Carbon:Hydrogen

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