How does where we live affect what we do? Location and the global exchange

Politics and stability Depending on where a country is, its political stability can change Is it near allies? Does it border enemies? Does it contain multiple nations of people?

Politics and Stability Rwanda: India The Korean Peninsula Israel

What are the advantages of having a Coastline? Unrestricted Trade Bring in Imports Making money off of exports

What does it mean to be landlocked No direct access to the coast 45 Landlocked countries (including Kosovo) 2 Doubly landlocked Liechtenstein Uzbekistan Trade very challenging Dependent on foreign ports UNCLOS – no taxation on these countries to transport goods

What goes on in a port city: Singapore https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8j19od6efo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YtYoLLQTLFQ

Enclaves and exclaves Exclave – 2 criteria Not contiguous with rest of the country Must be separated by foreign territory Ex. Azerbaijan, Russia, Alaska Enclave Completely surrounded by another group of people Ethnic enclave (city) (more common) vs. political enclave (country) Ethnic = “Chinatown,” “Greektown,” “Little Italy” Political = Lesotho, Vatican City Enclaves and exclaves

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gtLxZiiuaXs

The shapes of states 5 Boundary Shapes for countries: Compact Elongated Prorupted Fragmented Perforated

Compact Shape Efficient Capital towards the center if possible

Elongated Isolation of part of the population Distance from capital No access to port?

Prorupted Access to a waterway Divide two countries

Fragmented (people need to live there) Two types Divided by water – not very problematic Divided by another state – definitely problematic

Fragmented: Water

Fragmented: Land

Russia is complicated

Perforated State A country that COMPLETELY surrounds another