Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 9 Earthquakes.
Advertisements

PAGES 292 TO 303 MR. ALTORFER SCIENCE EARTHQUAKES.
What Are Earthquakes? 7-1 Key Concept:
Earthquakes Essential Question: How has earthquakes shaped our Earth?
EARTHQUAKES 2007 Japan quake.
Unit 1.4 Earthquakes. Where do earthquakes Occur? Earthquakes can occur near the Earth’s surface or far below the surface. Most earthquakes occur at plate.
 Earthquake: the shaking of the Earth’s crust caused by a release of energy.  Common cause: movement of the Earth’s plates.
Chapter 19.  Most Earthquakes are the result of movement in the Earth’s crust at the tectonic plates.  Rocks in the crust resist movement and build.
Unit 4 The Restless Earth Part II Lessons 4, 5 & 6
What is an earthquake? An earthquake is the shaking of the ground due to the movements of tectonic plates Earthquakes occur at different plate boundaries.
Chapter 12, Section 1 Chapter 10, Section 2 Objective 1
 These terms must be included in your foldable for home work ◦ Seismology ◦ Deformation ◦ Elastic rebound ◦ Seismic waves ◦ P waves ◦ S waves.
7.1 What Are Earthquakes?.
Chapter 5 section 1 Objective: Determine where earthquakes come from and what causes them Identify different types of earthquakes Describe how earthquakes.
Earthquakes. Define earthquake Large vibrations that move through rock or other Earth materials Movement of the ground that occurs when rocks inside the.
Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
7.1 What Are Earthquakes?. Describe what happens during an earthquake.
Earthquakes: Earth’s Way of Releasing Stress Chapter 8: Earthquakes.
Unit 4 Lesson 8 Earthquakes Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
Topic: What Causes Earthquakes? PSSA: A / S8.D.1.1.
 I. What Are Earthquakes?  A. Where Do Earthquakes Occur?  1. seismology  a. study of earthquakes  2. seismologist a. scientist that studies earthquakes.
Earthquakes Indicator Explain how earthquakes result from forces inside Earth.
Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes
Chapter 12 Earthquakes.
Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes
Section 6.4: How and Where Earthquakes Happen
7.1 What Are Earthquakes?.
Ch.5, Sec.1 - What Are Earthquakes?
Earthquakes.
Earthquakes DYNAMIC EARTH.
The Way Tectonic Plates Move
Earthquakes Geology Unit: Slides
Earthquakes Chapter 11.
Earthquakes!!!!!!!!!
Chapter Menu Lesson 1: Earthquakes and Plate Boundaries
Earthquakes.
Warmup 1. What is an earthquake’s location on a surface called?
Unit 6 Lesson 6 Earthquakes
What is an earthquake? An earthquake is the shaking of the ground due to the movements of tectonic plates Earthquakes occur at different plate boundaries.
Earthquakes & Plate Tectonics
Earthquakes 2017.
4.1 Forces in Earth’s Crust
EARTHQUAKES: WHY? AND HOW?
Warm Up 09/26/2016 What are the three types of boundaries and explain the motion that occurs at each? What is produced at a Transform Boundary? What.
Chapter 12: Earthquakes.
How and Where Earthquakes Happen
Section 1: Forces Within Earth
Earthquakes Write on the RIGHT side.
Let’s Focus What is an earthquake?
Earthquakes.
Earthquakes.
Section 1: Forces Within Earth
Earthquakes.
Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes
Earthquakes.
You will be given the answer. You must give the correct question.
What Are Earthquakes? Chapter F5
Title: 19.1 Forces Within Earth Page #: Date: 6/6/2013
Plate Tectonics Quiz What is a tectonic plate? (part of your answer should include the part of the earth that is tectonic plates.) What are the three kinds.
Earthquakes.
A numerical scale used to measure the magnitude or energy released
Earth Science Notes Earthquakes.
EARTHQUAKES Chapter 16 pg. 426.
Warmup 1. What is an earthquake’s location on a surface called?
Earthquakes.
Chapter 10 Section 1 Notes.
Bell ringer (write the question)
Earthquakes.
You’re stressing me OUT!
Presentation transcript:

Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes

Let’s Focus What is an earthquake? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes Let’s Focus What is an earthquake? Earthquakes are ground movements that occur when blocks of rock in Earth move suddenly and release energy. The energy is released as seismic waves that cause the ground to move. 2

Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes What is an earthquake? The focus is a place within Earth along a fault where the first motion of an earthquake occurs. The place on Earth’s surface directly above the focus is called the epicenter. Seismic waves flow outward from the focus in all directions. 3

What causes earthquakes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes What causes earthquakes? Most earthquakes occur near a tectonic plate boundary, which is where two or more tectonic plates meet. The movement of tectonic plates breaks Earth’s crust into a series of faults, which are breaks in Earth’s crust along which blocks of rocks move. The release of energy that accompanies the movement of rock along a fault causes an earthquake. 5

What causes earthquakes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes What causes earthquakes? Stress on the rock causes deformation, which is the process by which the rock becomes deformed and changes shape. As the stress on rock increases, the energy stored in it increases. When the stress is released, the rock may return to its original shape. 6

What causes earthquakes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes What causes earthquakes? When rock returns to nearly the same shape after the stress is removed, the process is called elastic deformation. The return of rock to its original shape after elastic deformation is called elastic rebound. 7

Unstable Ground Where do earthquakes happen? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes Unstable Ground Where do earthquakes happen? Most earthquakes happen at or near tectonic plate boundaries. At tectonic plate boundaries, stress builds up from tectonic plates colliding, separating, or grinding past each other. There are three main types of tectonic plate boundaries: divergent, convergent, and transform. 9

Where do earthquakes happen? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes Where do earthquakes happen? At divergent boundaries, tension stress causes normal faults to form. Earthquakes tend to be shallow because the crust is thin. 10

Where do earthquakes happen? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes Where do earthquakes happen? At convergent boundaries, rock is squeezed, and the stress is called compression. Reverse faults are formed, and earthquakes can be strong and deep. 11

Where do earthquakes happen? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes Where do earthquakes happen? At transform boundaries, shear stress pushes tectonic plates in opposite directions. Earthquakes tend to be relatively shallow. 12

What are some effects of earthquakes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes What are some effects of earthquakes? Most earthquakes do not cause damage, but some strong earthquakes can cause major damage and loss of life, especially in areas closest to the epicenter. When the shaking of an earthquake is more than structures can withstand, major destruction can occur. Much of the injury and loss of life after an earthquake is caused by structures that collapse. 14

What are some effects of earthquakes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes What are some effects of earthquakes? An earthquake under the ocean can cause a vertical movement of the sea floor, displacing an enormous amount of water and generating a tsunami. A tsunami is a series of extremely long waves that can travel across the ocean at speeds of up to 800 km/h (~500 mph). As the waves reach the shoreline, the height of the waves increases. The huge waves can cause major destruction. 15

Unit 4 Lesson 5 Earthquakes Killer Quake In 2004, an earthquake generated a tsunami that wiped out half the population of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The tsunami traveled outward from the epicenter in the Indian Ocean. Banda Aceh was very close to the epicenter. The destruction to parts of Asia was so massive that geographers had to redraw the maps of some countries. 16